Impact efficiency and lifetime of diamond saw cutting process parameters and factors of the diamond particle size, density, hardness and diamond blade saws other binders. It has cut the number of blades can be wire-speed, concentration and cutting feedrate.
One, sawing parameters:
(1) blade speed: In practice, the line speed diamond saw blades by equipment conditions, saw the quality and the nature of the restrictions before sawing stone. From the optimum blade life and cutting efficiency, it should be selected depending on the nature of the stone saw blade speed. Sawing granite, the blade speed at 25m ~ 35m / s within the selected range. For high quartz content and difficult cutting granite, remove the blade speed limit is appropriate. Granite tiles in the production, the use of smaller diameter diamond saw blade, the line speed can reach 35m / s.
(2) Cutting Depth: diamond cutting depth diamomd core drill
bits is related to wear, effective cutting, saw cutting force conditions and the nature of the important parameters of stone. Generally speaking, when the line speed diamond saw blade is high, should be selected for cutting of small depth, from the current technology, the cutting depth of the diamond can choose between 1mm ~ 10mm. Usually with a large diameter saw blade cutting granite blocks, the cutting depth can be controlled within 1mm ~ 2mm between the feed rate should be reduced at the same time. When the line speed diamond saw blade is large, a large cutting depth should be selected. But in performance and tool strength saw the extent permitted, should try to take a greater depth of cut for cutting to improve cutting efficiency. When the machined surface when requested, should be used small depth of cut.
(3) Feed speed: Cutting feedrate incurs core bits for
concrete stone feed rate. Its size sawing rate impact, the force and the cutting blade heat dissipation area. Its value should be based on the nature of the selected cutting stone. Generally speaking, sawing softer stone, such as marble, may be appropriate to increase the feed speed, if the feed rate is too low, more conducive to high cutting rates. Sawing fine structure, relatively homogeneous granite, may be appropriate to increase the feed speed, feed rate is too low if the diamond blade easily be polished. But sawing UNEVEN coarse granite structure, should reduce feed speed, otherwise it will cause the blade vibration and reduce fragmentation leading diamond cutting rates. Granite cutting feed rate is generally 9m ~ 12m/min within the selected range.
Abrasive Tools
2013年9月29日星期日
When coarse diamond size and granularity of a single
sharp saw blade, cutting efficiency is high, but the flexural strength of agglomerated diamond drop; when fine or coarse grained diamond size when mixed with saw blade durability, but efficiency is low. Considering these factors, choose diamond size 50/60 mesh is more appropriate.
(2) the selection of diamond concentration distribution
Within a certain range, when the diamond concentration changes from low to high, the blade sharpness and cutting efficiency 4 inch saw blades decreased, while life is gradually extended; but the concentration is too high, the blade becomes blunt. The use of low concentration, coarse, efficiency will be increased. The use of various parts of the cutting head when the different roles of different concentrations (i.e. three or more layer structure in the intermediate layer can be used in low concentrations), the saw blade during the work head to form an intermediate groove, with helps prevent blade deflection, thereby improving the quality of stone processing.
3 diamond strength selection
Is to ensure the strength of the diamond cutting important indicator of performance. High intensity causes the crystal is broken, the polishing abrasive grains are in use, the sharpness decreased, resulting in performance degradation tool; diamond enough strength when subjected to shock easily broken, difficult to bear heavy cutting. It should choose a strength of 130 ~ 140N.
4 choice of binder phase
Depends not only on the performance of concrete saw blades the blade diamond, but on the diamond and the binder with the appropriate head of this composite material composed of the overall performance. For marble and other soft stone, head of the mechanical properties required is relatively low, the choice of copper-based binder. The sintering temperature is low but the copper-based binder, strength, low hardness, high toughness, low bonding strength with the diamond. When adding tungsten carbide (WC), the WC or W2C to as a skeleton metal, with the amount of cobalt in order to improve the strength, hardness and binding properties, and add a small amount of low melting point and low hardness Cu, Sn, Zn and other metal for bonding phase. Main plus ingredients should be finer than 200 mesh size, add ingredients finer than 300 mesh size should be.
5 Select the sintering process
As the temperature increases, the core bits for concrete carcass densification improved flexural strength also will increase, and with the holding time, the blank matrix and diamond caked flexural strength increased firstly and then decreased, you can choose 120s at 800 ℃ sintering processes to meet performance requirements.
(2) the selection of diamond concentration distribution
Within a certain range, when the diamond concentration changes from low to high, the blade sharpness and cutting efficiency 4 inch saw blades decreased, while life is gradually extended; but the concentration is too high, the blade becomes blunt. The use of low concentration, coarse, efficiency will be increased. The use of various parts of the cutting head when the different roles of different concentrations (i.e. three or more layer structure in the intermediate layer can be used in low concentrations), the saw blade during the work head to form an intermediate groove, with helps prevent blade deflection, thereby improving the quality of stone processing.
3 diamond strength selection
Is to ensure the strength of the diamond cutting important indicator of performance. High intensity causes the crystal is broken, the polishing abrasive grains are in use, the sharpness decreased, resulting in performance degradation tool; diamond enough strength when subjected to shock easily broken, difficult to bear heavy cutting. It should choose a strength of 130 ~ 140N.
4 choice of binder phase
Depends not only on the performance of concrete saw blades the blade diamond, but on the diamond and the binder with the appropriate head of this composite material composed of the overall performance. For marble and other soft stone, head of the mechanical properties required is relatively low, the choice of copper-based binder. The sintering temperature is low but the copper-based binder, strength, low hardness, high toughness, low bonding strength with the diamond. When adding tungsten carbide (WC), the WC or W2C to as a skeleton metal, with the amount of cobalt in order to improve the strength, hardness and binding properties, and add a small amount of low melting point and low hardness Cu, Sn, Zn and other metal for bonding phase. Main plus ingredients should be finer than 200 mesh size, add ingredients finer than 300 mesh size should be.
5 Select the sintering process
As the temperature increases, the core bits for concrete carcass densification improved flexural strength also will increase, and with the holding time, the blank matrix and diamond caked flexural strength increased firstly and then decreased, you can choose 120s at 800 ℃ sintering processes to meet performance requirements.
2013年9月28日星期六
Diamond Saw Blade Application: Multi Disc Diamond Stone Saw
Diamond Saw Blade Application: Multi Disc Diamond Stone Saw
Disc Diamond Stone Saw HQJ-2200 multifunction stone sawing machine , saw blade can be installed 1600SM, 1800SM, 2200SM diamond saw . Whole structure consists of a fixed base connected on two pillars and PCD grinding wheel two columns on the top rack of the upper beam composition , characterized in that : the left and right wheel saw through the left and right axle mounted on the left and right axle seat, left right column shaft seat and slidable along the sleeve as a whole , the left and right sleeve is provided with locking means , the left and right sleeve integrally connected via the sds drill bits crossbar , the crossbar is mounted on a motor driving the left wheel saws , the left and right saw blade is mounted between the wheels , the rack is mounted on the beam motor drive shaft about double worm , worm drive around the left and right worm , worm around a wire of the mechanical drive for adjusting the left and right sleeve , so the mechanical wire nut connections via the left and right sleeve , the said one end of said wheel saw with bosses , left and ceramic tile saw right axle center line of the angle of less than 100 .
Main motor : 37KW-55KW: about lifting motor 2.5KW.
Total power :42-65KW
Saw Installation : 1600SM, 1800SM, 2200SM diamond saw blades "Optional"
Installation size: 11000 mm × 7000 mm stone processing size: 3 cubic
Disc Diamond Stone Saw HQJ-2200 multifunction stone sawing machine , saw blade can be installed 1600SM, 1800SM, 2200SM diamond saw . Whole structure consists of a fixed base connected on two pillars and PCD grinding wheel two columns on the top rack of the upper beam composition , characterized in that : the left and right wheel saw through the left and right axle mounted on the left and right axle seat, left right column shaft seat and slidable along the sleeve as a whole , the left and right sleeve is provided with locking means , the left and right sleeve integrally connected via the sds drill bits crossbar , the crossbar is mounted on a motor driving the left wheel saws , the left and right saw blade is mounted between the wheels , the rack is mounted on the beam motor drive shaft about double worm , worm drive around the left and right worm , worm around a wire of the mechanical drive for adjusting the left and right sleeve , so the mechanical wire nut connections via the left and right sleeve , the said one end of said wheel saw with bosses , left and ceramic tile saw right axle center line of the angle of less than 100 .
Main motor : 37KW-55KW: about lifting motor 2.5KW.
Total power :42-65KW
Saw Installation : 1600SM, 1800SM, 2200SM diamond saw blades "Optional"
Installation size: 11000 mm × 7000 mm stone processing size: 3 cubic
Diamond tool according to materials which several species classification
Single crystal diamond cutting tool must be used for large particles ( mass greater than 0.1g, the best path length not less than 3mm), mainly used in surface roughness , geometry, high precision and dimensional accuracy requirements of precision and ultra precision machining applications fields.
Natural diamond single crystal diamond is the most wear-resistant material . Fine texture of its own , after fine grinding, cutting edge concrete crack chaser edge edge radius as small as 0.008 ~ 0.005μm. But more brittle natural single crystal diamond , the crystal anisotropy, different surfaces or in the same plane of the crystal in different directions were different hardness , during grinding and use must choose the right direction . The use of harsh conditions, coupled with natural single crystal diamond resources are limited, the price is very expensive, so they use a production PCD, PCD / CC and CVD diamond tools . Some natural single crystal diamond is mainly used for ultra-precision machining non-ferrous metals or gold jewelry production .
Synthetic single crystal diamond the size, shape and performance are in good agreement , present due to high pressure technology matures , a certain size can be prepared by synthetic single crystal diamond , especially in the processing of high wear-resistant laminated wood , it performance than PCD diamond cutting edge will not cause premature passivated.
Synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and synthetic polycrystalline diamond and carbide composite blade (PCD / CC)
PCD is at high temperature ( about 1800 ℃), pressure (5 ~ 6MPa) , the use of cobalt and other metal binding agent to a number of polycrystalline diamond crystal powder polycrystalline material , although slightly lower than the hardness of a single crystal diamond , but it is randomly oriented diamond grains polymerization , is isotropic , as can be arbitrarily oriented cutting tool sharpening , no natural diamond that cup grinding wheels must be selected as the best cleavage plane as a rake . In cutting, the cutting edge is very sensitive for accidental damage , wear resistance is also strong , long stay sharp cutting edge , can be used when machining high cutting speed and larger cutting depth ( to eat deep ) , life is generally higher than the WC-based cemented carbide cutting tools 10 to 500 times , and because the metal binding agent PCD has conductivity , making PCD easy to cut to shape , and is a rich source of raw materials , the price is only a few tenth of natural diamond a fraction of the ten have become traditions WC-based cemented carbide cutting tools , high-performance alternatives.
PCD inserts to improve the toughness and weldability in the cemented carbide substrate , sintered or pressed on the sds hammer drill bits surface of 0.5 ~ 1mm thick layer of the composition of PCD diamond composite blade (PCD / CC). PCD / CC welding or machine folder available way of making knives. Due to its good weldability , regrinding easy , low cost, and therefore widely used. Hereupon , PCD and PCD / CC sharp cutting edge of the tool and are not as good surface quality single crystal diamond , while its workability is poor, the grinding ratio is small , it is difficult according to the geometry of any shape head , still not easy to manufacture with chipbreakers indexable end mills and other geometric shapes and complex products. CVD diamond CVD diamond is a diamond material of high wear resistance of pure , non- binding agent , which is at low pressure (<0.1MPa) prepared under . CVD diamond films are coated CVD (CD) and CVD thick (TFD) forms.
CD is a CVD ( chemical vapor deposition ) process , the carbide substrate ( K type alloy used ) is deposited to a thickness of about 10 ~ 30μm, composed of a polycrystalline diamond film is made .
Natural diamond single crystal diamond is the most wear-resistant material . Fine texture of its own , after fine grinding, cutting edge concrete crack chaser edge edge radius as small as 0.008 ~ 0.005μm. But more brittle natural single crystal diamond , the crystal anisotropy, different surfaces or in the same plane of the crystal in different directions were different hardness , during grinding and use must choose the right direction . The use of harsh conditions, coupled with natural single crystal diamond resources are limited, the price is very expensive, so they use a production PCD, PCD / CC and CVD diamond tools . Some natural single crystal diamond is mainly used for ultra-precision machining non-ferrous metals or gold jewelry production .
Synthetic single crystal diamond the size, shape and performance are in good agreement , present due to high pressure technology matures , a certain size can be prepared by synthetic single crystal diamond , especially in the processing of high wear-resistant laminated wood , it performance than PCD diamond cutting edge will not cause premature passivated.
Synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) and synthetic polycrystalline diamond and carbide composite blade (PCD / CC)
PCD is at high temperature ( about 1800 ℃), pressure (5 ~ 6MPa) , the use of cobalt and other metal binding agent to a number of polycrystalline diamond crystal powder polycrystalline material , although slightly lower than the hardness of a single crystal diamond , but it is randomly oriented diamond grains polymerization , is isotropic , as can be arbitrarily oriented cutting tool sharpening , no natural diamond that cup grinding wheels must be selected as the best cleavage plane as a rake . In cutting, the cutting edge is very sensitive for accidental damage , wear resistance is also strong , long stay sharp cutting edge , can be used when machining high cutting speed and larger cutting depth ( to eat deep ) , life is generally higher than the WC-based cemented carbide cutting tools 10 to 500 times , and because the metal binding agent PCD has conductivity , making PCD easy to cut to shape , and is a rich source of raw materials , the price is only a few tenth of natural diamond a fraction of the ten have become traditions WC-based cemented carbide cutting tools , high-performance alternatives.
PCD inserts to improve the toughness and weldability in the cemented carbide substrate , sintered or pressed on the sds hammer drill bits surface of 0.5 ~ 1mm thick layer of the composition of PCD diamond composite blade (PCD / CC). PCD / CC welding or machine folder available way of making knives. Due to its good weldability , regrinding easy , low cost, and therefore widely used. Hereupon , PCD and PCD / CC sharp cutting edge of the tool and are not as good surface quality single crystal diamond , while its workability is poor, the grinding ratio is small , it is difficult according to the geometry of any shape head , still not easy to manufacture with chipbreakers indexable end mills and other geometric shapes and complex products. CVD diamond CVD diamond is a diamond material of high wear resistance of pure , non- binding agent , which is at low pressure (<0.1MPa) prepared under . CVD diamond films are coated CVD (CD) and CVD thick (TFD) forms.
CD is a CVD ( chemical vapor deposition ) process , the carbide substrate ( K type alloy used ) is deposited to a thickness of about 10 ~ 30μm, composed of a polycrystalline diamond film is made .
2013年9月27日星期五
diamond saw blade matrix detection indicators
testing methods
Diamond saw blade matrix is normally provided by 65Mn, T12 material composition with slotted disc, after quenching and wet diamond polishing pads tempering heat treatment is made. The processing required dimensional accuracy and geometrical precision both requirements. Dimensional accuracy requirements include: diameter, diameter, thickness, nozzle, gear units. Shape and position accuracy including: roundness, concentricity, flatness, parallelism, runout, face runout.
Diamond saw blade sawing work must ensure that small deformation, rigidity in order to make uniform thickness sawn slate of board rate. To meet these requirements, you must make multiple blade leveling and stress adjustment. Side jump flatness and smaller, more uniform stress. The better usage of the blade. Currently the world's most advanced set of stress testing and handling equipment based sports school saw peace as one detected by stress testing and rolling unit, flatness and side jump correction unit, automatic detection unit and PC software control unit four most components. How it works: the first high-precision laser sensor measures the base of the indicators, and then through the PC software control unit determines whether the 14 inch saw blade indicators meet the requirements in order to decide whether or not to stress rolling unit, flatness and side jump correction unit issued a directive , the substrate to be corrected. Can achieve the tension side jump, jump diameter, flatness four indicators integrated automatic processing.
The flatness and side jump test, which flange plane to plane, by laser sensor slide rail precise detection surface of the substrate while rotating the highest point and the lowest point of the distance between the same plane. Some devices also currently 50mm2 area to the highest point and the lowest point of the research object, the substrate surface of flap wheels the "package" particularly sensitive, and the image is displayed on the screen. If the base body pass, the point of the substrate surface are uniformly distributed to the reference plane in the center of a small control zone.
To the base of stress testing, is the use of a substrate pre a constant deformation, and by the laser sensor 90 axially proximal the deformation amount of the matrix stress detection to quantify the same time, avoiding the thickness and other factors of the stress detection effects.
Diamond saw blade matrix is normally provided by 65Mn, T12 material composition with slotted disc, after quenching and wet diamond polishing pads tempering heat treatment is made. The processing required dimensional accuracy and geometrical precision both requirements. Dimensional accuracy requirements include: diameter, diameter, thickness, nozzle, gear units. Shape and position accuracy including: roundness, concentricity, flatness, parallelism, runout, face runout.
Diamond saw blade sawing work must ensure that small deformation, rigidity in order to make uniform thickness sawn slate of board rate. To meet these requirements, you must make multiple blade leveling and stress adjustment. Side jump flatness and smaller, more uniform stress. The better usage of the blade. Currently the world's most advanced set of stress testing and handling equipment based sports school saw peace as one detected by stress testing and rolling unit, flatness and side jump correction unit, automatic detection unit and PC software control unit four most components. How it works: the first high-precision laser sensor measures the base of the indicators, and then through the PC software control unit determines whether the 14 inch saw blade indicators meet the requirements in order to decide whether or not to stress rolling unit, flatness and side jump correction unit issued a directive , the substrate to be corrected. Can achieve the tension side jump, jump diameter, flatness four indicators integrated automatic processing.
The flatness and side jump test, which flange plane to plane, by laser sensor slide rail precise detection surface of the substrate while rotating the highest point and the lowest point of the distance between the same plane. Some devices also currently 50mm2 area to the highest point and the lowest point of the research object, the substrate surface of flap wheels the "package" particularly sensitive, and the image is displayed on the screen. If the base body pass, the point of the substrate surface are uniformly distributed to the reference plane in the center of a small control zone.
To the base of stress testing, is the use of a substrate pre a constant deformation, and by the laser sensor 90 axially proximal the deformation amount of the matrix stress detection to quantify the same time, avoiding the thickness and other factors of the stress detection effects.
Diamond Certification
In fact, to identify the authenticity of a diamond, with a 10x magnifying glass only as an auxiliary operand can be a simple observation
Method One:
Observed diamond waist, waist-shaped frosted if it is best suited for this method, because more than any diamond imitations hard abrasive tools to take, it will not appear as risk imitations like thin strip lines, diamond waist is grainy appearance.
Method two:
Also because of the diamond imitations than to take a hard, run imitations facet ridge often feel obtuse than diamond, and diamond facets must be a sharp ridge. Method three:
Than the risk-based diamond imitations hard, take imitations facet ridge often appears wear. Method four:
If left natural diamond surface, there is the opportunity to discover the natural surface of the diamond's unique "triangular growth pattern five:
If the diamond appear Bengduan mouth, usually are ladder-like appearance, but it will take very different presentation of imitation goods curved arc or conchoidal. A specific gravity test:
There are a measure of the proportion of drill bits liquid gemstone weight; specific gravity of 3.32 we can use the test liquid used genuine diamonds. The specific gravity of 3.52 natural diamonds, the proportion of all natural diamonds placed in the water will sink, so that both the proportion of water floating in gems, diamonds can be sure it's not.
(2) penetration observation:
Diamond has a high refractive index, the higher the refractive index of the diamond, the stronger the light reflected power, relatively low degree of perspective. May prepare a picture of a straight paper to be measured two unknown diamonds, face down, capping in a straight line from the back of the diamond to the naked eye directly read on, if they floor polisher pads can see the diamond under pressure a straight line, it is certainly not a natural diamond.
3 lipophilic law:
There is a diamond on the oil "oil absorption" fake diamond does not have this feature. Diamonds dipped slightly in the face amount of grease, rub the diamond with the thumb, the thumb will feel a plastic viscosity, easy to slide, and then let the thumb with fake diamonds slippery feeling.
4 breathe test:
Natural diamond heat transfer capacity, good heat disperse quickly. Diamond to be tested near your mouth, breathe gently, so that the tested diamond covered with mist, then immediately watch the diamond mist volatile situations, such as natural diamonds, the fog will be immediately dispersed, whereas in the fog fake diamonds remain for a while, until dispersed.
Method One:
Observed diamond waist, waist-shaped frosted if it is best suited for this method, because more than any diamond imitations hard abrasive tools to take, it will not appear as risk imitations like thin strip lines, diamond waist is grainy appearance.
Method two:
Also because of the diamond imitations than to take a hard, run imitations facet ridge often feel obtuse than diamond, and diamond facets must be a sharp ridge. Method three:
Than the risk-based diamond imitations hard, take imitations facet ridge often appears wear. Method four:
If left natural diamond surface, there is the opportunity to discover the natural surface of the diamond's unique "triangular growth pattern five:
If the diamond appear Bengduan mouth, usually are ladder-like appearance, but it will take very different presentation of imitation goods curved arc or conchoidal. A specific gravity test:
There are a measure of the proportion of drill bits liquid gemstone weight; specific gravity of 3.32 we can use the test liquid used genuine diamonds. The specific gravity of 3.52 natural diamonds, the proportion of all natural diamonds placed in the water will sink, so that both the proportion of water floating in gems, diamonds can be sure it's not.
(2) penetration observation:
Diamond has a high refractive index, the higher the refractive index of the diamond, the stronger the light reflected power, relatively low degree of perspective. May prepare a picture of a straight paper to be measured two unknown diamonds, face down, capping in a straight line from the back of the diamond to the naked eye directly read on, if they floor polisher pads can see the diamond under pressure a straight line, it is certainly not a natural diamond.
3 lipophilic law:
There is a diamond on the oil "oil absorption" fake diamond does not have this feature. Diamonds dipped slightly in the face amount of grease, rub the diamond with the thumb, the thumb will feel a plastic viscosity, easy to slide, and then let the thumb with fake diamonds slippery feeling.
4 breathe test:
Natural diamond heat transfer capacity, good heat disperse quickly. Diamond to be tested near your mouth, breathe gently, so that the tested diamond covered with mist, then immediately watch the diamond mist volatile situations, such as natural diamonds, the fog will be immediately dispersed, whereas in the fog fake diamonds remain for a while, until dispersed.
2013年9月26日星期四
large diamond saw blades
1 product heat treatment method: This large-size saw the matrix heat treatment, currently there is no special equipment, we use a unique heat treatment process, a good solution to large size, thin thickness of the core bits for concrete base body heat problems, can better control the hardness HRC38 ± 3 range improved blade stiffness matrix, increasing the life of the product.(2) processing methods: face grinding also saw the matrix product processing difficulties. We have developed a white surface grinder lathe, very clever solution to this problem, the product thickness tolerances can reach the national standards, greatly improving the static balance indicators, in addition to material due to surface oxidation layer and decarburization, product fatigue life greatly improved.3 blade cutting process for chip removal mining practical difficulties, the company also made a matrix shape bold exploration: We saw the matrix using varying amounts of the appropriate parts machining holes hollowed out, does not affect the overall strength of the blade under the premise of improving the cooling BTA efficiency, extend the blade life and reduced energy and mining blocks shorter time.Fourth, with the flap discs traditional way of exploitation of comparative economic and technical indicators
New mining methods applied to improve the resource utilization rate of extraction, the exploitation of quality improvement, a corresponding increase in value-added products. Reduce production costs, while overcoming the traditional way of exploitation of poor safety performance exist, serious damage to the environment and other shortcomings, has great economic social benefits. Fifth, use requirements1 Before Installation(1) saw the 4 inch saw blades track laying claim sleepers solid formation, saw cutting process in order to avoid shaking, saw the track parallelism tolerance to ≤ 5mm, the level of tolerance ≤ 2mm.(2) In order to ensure flatness of the blade during cutting strength, the saw blade clamping flange diameter> i280ram, roughness flange side jump directly affects the blade. Therefore, the user should check before using flange accuracy, it is not generally Ф280mm flange flatness <0.05mm, and ensure clean flange must not remain stone chips dirt.(3) regular testing Saw axis accuracy, and ensure its spindle runout ≤ 0.03mm, in order to avoid the blade cutting process produces jitter, affecting the quality of life of saw blade material cutting.(4) cooling water directly affects the size blade cooling effect, chip capacity blade cutting life. Therefore recommended Ф2000 (or Ф2200) cooling water ≥ 1001/min, Ф2800 (or Ф3000) cooling water ≥ 1601/rnin, and fully injected into the blade cutting seam.
New mining methods applied to improve the resource utilization rate of extraction, the exploitation of quality improvement, a corresponding increase in value-added products. Reduce production costs, while overcoming the traditional way of exploitation of poor safety performance exist, serious damage to the environment and other shortcomings, has great economic social benefits. Fifth, use requirements1 Before Installation(1) saw the 4 inch saw blades track laying claim sleepers solid formation, saw cutting process in order to avoid shaking, saw the track parallelism tolerance to ≤ 5mm, the level of tolerance ≤ 2mm.(2) In order to ensure flatness of the blade during cutting strength, the saw blade clamping flange diameter> i280ram, roughness flange side jump directly affects the blade. Therefore, the user should check before using flange accuracy, it is not generally Ф280mm flange flatness <0.05mm, and ensure clean flange must not remain stone chips dirt.(3) regular testing Saw axis accuracy, and ensure its spindle runout ≤ 0.03mm, in order to avoid the blade cutting process produces jitter, affecting the quality of life of saw blade material cutting.(4) cooling water directly affects the size blade cooling effect, chip capacity blade cutting life. Therefore recommended Ф2000 (or Ф2200) cooling water ≥ 1001/min, Ф2800 (or Ф3000) cooling water ≥ 1601/rnin, and fully injected into the blade cutting seam.
CVD diamond thick welding tool
CVD diamond thick film soldering tool is to first cut a good CVD diamond films once welded to the base (usually a class K carbide) to form a composite sheet, and then polishing composite sheet, the diamond blade second welded to the tool body, sharpening into the required shape and edge.Manufacturing process: high-quality CVD diamond films prepared by laser cutting → → welded into one composite piece → polishing → secondary composite sheet welded to the tool body → Grinding → test. Here are a few key processes, such as cutting, welding, polishing and grinding, etc.A laser cuttingCVD diamond film hardness, non-conductive (conductive CVD diamond now, but itsresistivity great), strong wear resistance, conventional machining and wire cutting method is not suitable for CVD Diamond Thick cut. Efficient processing method is laser cutting.(2) a weldingA welding means under vacuum CVD diamond thick film substrate is welded to some form a composite sheet. Diamond between the metal and the general poor weldability. Currently, diamond thick welding tool used mainly surface metallization methods. Solder the silver-copper alloy containing titanium, titanium role in the welding process of heating the surface of the diamond film and the reaction to produce an intermediate layer of TiC, the diamond film surface metal, thereby improving the welding strength.Welding Class K matrix is usually carbide. In the high vacuum conditions, using diffusion brazing welding process added, Ag-Cu-Ti alloy as an intermediate layer, the diamond films on cemented carbide substrate weld, weld strength to meet the machining requirements.3 Composite PolishingThe purpose is to polish the upper surface of the blade (i.e., the rake face) polished to a mirror, generally required to achieve Ra0.1μm less. After polishing tool rake face and the chip can reduce friction and adhesion, extend tool life; also can improve the flatness and sharp blade, improve machining accuracy. Polishing a composite sheet with a special polishing machine.4 secondary weldingSecond welding refers to the composite sheet welded to the tool body. Equipment used mostly for concrete blade high frequency induction welding equipment, the use of silver-copper solder and solder flux. Soldering temperature is between 650 ~ 700 ℃. Temperature is not too high, the welding process the welding surface should be kept clean. Rational use of flux help to improve weld strength and improving the composite sheet material substrate and knife welding performance. Generally the strength of the second weld 180 ~ 200MPa, the diamond cutting tool to meet the processing requirementsIn addition, in order to improve the appearance of the tool can be worn away excess oil stone of silver and copper, with the blasting method to remove the surface oxide layer with Ni plated with passivation liquid immersion method or tool body to prevent the oxidation of rust.CVD diamond grinding with high hardness and wear resistance, grinding extremely difficult. Now masonry blades widely used methods similar to PCD tool sharpening.5 Equipment: using a special tool grinder, equipment manufacturers in the United Kingdom COBORN Corporation, Taiwan KARMAM, Switzerland EWAG Corporation and Beijing Dean companies. Its main features include: straight edge grinding and circular grinding, circular grinding, and also includes a cylindrical conical flank flank formation and tapered cylindrical flank with a combination. In order to achieve these functions, requiring major sports machine include: machine tool spindle (wheel) rotational motion; spindle reciprocating linear motion; turret rotary motion, with the precise alignment of the microscope or projector rotation center, get a different tip round arc radius.
2013年9月25日星期三
grinding machine vibration on quality of
Grinding the disk side jump and machine vibration will cause the grinding disc facing the impact of the blade, thus undermining the straight edge, in which the disk side jump in particular more direct concrete saw blades impact, which is caused due to the impact direction side jump perpendicular to the disk. Figure 3 and Figure 4 are the degree of the disk saw blade and the machine side jump between vibration. Seen from the figure, the disk side jump serrated blade and machine vibration on the degree of influence were all there exists a critical value, when less than the critical value, the blade serrated degree tends to zero; And when greater than the critical value, the degree of sharply serrated blade.In order to reduce the disk side jump in oil stone grinding disk, you should also detect the disk side jump, and granite blade to eliminate as far as possible by grinding side jump. Then need for grinding plate line balancing to reduce the running imbalance because the vibration mechanism.Also with the side jump and vibration grinding machine precision and damping performance related. Traditional wooden top and top grinding machine shaft due to fiber gasket is required between the pads, and because dry core drill bits of the rigid timber restrictions would result in a high-speed rotating grinding disc generated 0.05 ~ 0.1mm Dynamic beat; addition, wood and fiber materials poor heat resistance, the high sliding wear easily under conditions leaving a gap between the shaft and the top and therefore require frequent adjustment of the gap, replacement liners or wood top. Unstable due to the use of such equipment by many factors, only some of the best in the device status is not a long period of time to grind out the basic qualified natural diamond tools, even a skilled operator, can only reach 30 % ~ 50% of the processing yield.
diamond reamer manufacturing technology
Used in geological core drilling diamond drill diamond crystal as the abrasive used to pre-Cu-Ni-based alloy matrix, IF hot pressing process, according to the law rock characteristics and granite polishing pad bit wear, preferably wear suitable carcass recipe technology and different drill lip surface shape design, with a long life, high drilling speed, wide adaptation characteristics; supporting the design uses diamond reaming Ni-Co alloy electrodeposition and two kinds of non-pressure impregnation process, respectively, for the hard full and broken granite rock strength classes abrasive formations designed to meet the different requirements of efficiency abrasive tools and lifetime.Currently mature manufacturing process for the IF diamond drill heat sintering process, a small amount of DC resistance heating sintering process; diamond reamer manufacturing process is generally electroplating / electroforming process and sintering without pressure impregnation process (for sintering reamer), and must comply with the standard graded series sanding belt of drilling techniques can be used. Also, because of the special nature of the manufacturing process, often need special functions according to process needs to be designed and electro-hydraulic pressing machine control system.
2013年9月24日星期二
Large saw blade stone mining application
At present, China mining have the following main ways: blasting, flame cutting method, expansive law. Its mining methods sds drill bit ordinary deposit with low labor productivity, finished product rate, serious waste of resources, poor security shortcomings. In recent years, some companies use diamond wire saws, chain saws, etc. diamond mining, has yielded good results, but the equipment into large, higher mining costs, is still not large-scale use. How to improve the quality and efficiency of stone mining to minimize environmental damage, reduce labor intensity, and has become an urgent need to mine stone blocks to solve the problem.Second, cutting principlesFor the masonry drill bits above, our scientific and technological personnel to sheet cutting mechanism cleverly used in mining, and achieved good results. The basic principle is: the table and laying mines track, driven by the host very large diamond saw blades (Ф2000 ~ 3500mm) high-speed rotation, rail-cutting. Because the way into a small, high efficiency, safety, environmental protection, energy and mining low cost, widely favored by the mining companies.Third, the technical requirements
In addition to asking Saw this mining method to have a good accuracy, the large diamond saw blade specifications, quality and cutting blades other key to this technology. As we all know, the decision by the mesh size of the mining blocks blade specification decisions. Currently, the market requires sheet width up to 1.5m or so. Therefore, a matching diamond saw blade specifications must reach Ф3500 over the same time, field work environments such as mining operations and flatness, cooling conveyor and other relatively sheet cutting, conditions even worse. Therefore, the blade base body made more stringent manufacturing requirements.
In addition to asking Saw this mining method to have a good accuracy, the large diamond saw blade specifications, quality and cutting blades other key to this technology. As we all know, the decision by the mesh size of the mining blocks blade specification decisions. Currently, the market requires sheet width up to 1.5m or so. Therefore, a matching diamond saw blade specifications must reach Ф3500 over the same time, field work environments such as mining operations and flatness, cooling conveyor and other relatively sheet cutting, conditions even worse. Therefore, the blade base body made more stringent manufacturing requirements.
diamond superhard material properties and role Diamond
Superhard materials as superior performance, application constantly expanding, from the developed to the metal processing optical glass processing, stone processing, ceramics processing, processing of brittle materials is difficult for traditional processing areas.
Natural single crystal diamond, because of its anisotropy, the difference of the hardness of the crystal is very diamond blades large, in the grinding tool when choosing the soft side of a polishing surface, and the surface of their hard as the rake face or the flank, This brings a favorable ground conditions, its anisotropy, so in use, to be considered a reasonable choice of the crystal plane, for example, hardness of the anvil, in use, the use of pressure is measured in or bouncing measured hardness of the material, but because of the hardness of different face, the results are different, of course, with a hard surface will help prolong life, and if made of natural diamond wire drawing die, because the hole face constituted by the crystal surface, so inconsistent hardness, wear will be uniform, circular cross section while the wire will cause stress differences uneven hardness, and affect the use of diamond sintered body and the thick-film diamond, the isotropic use in such products become very favorable.
PCD, PCBN, because grains are different, different concentrations, the performance is different, must be a diamond cbn wheel reasonable choice. Diamond is a pure diamond thick, close to the hardness of natural diamond, and PCD, PCDN diamond powder is mixed with the binding agent is sintered, so by the binding agent of the hardness, the hardness as the former.
Is well known, diamond with iron affinity, can be used in ferrous and non-metallic materials, while CBN even at a high temperature of 1000 ℃ cutting ferrous metal is fully competent. Has become difficult to machine materials, the main cutting tool materials. Superhard materials generally refers to a synthetic diamond, artificial CBN. These two materials exist, played a complementary role, you can overwrite the current and future concrete ring saw development of a variety of new materials processing, the entire cutting areas is extremely beneficial.
Precision diamond cutting tool sharpening requires great skill, in order to obtain a more accurate cutting edge radius, in particular less than 0.05um less precision, and of the grinding machine made very strict requirements, must have a high turn precision spindle shaft, the old mill were not suited, began to use more as a support air bearings, grinding disc must be able to be on the machine Shuhei to face runout control 0.5um or less. PCD and PCBN the grinding is relatively easy because the hardness is relatively low, with a diamond grinding wheel will fit, while thick diamond is different, its hardness close to the natural diamond, and is isotropic, so grinding more difficult .
Natural single crystal diamond, because of its anisotropy, the difference of the hardness of the crystal is very diamond blades large, in the grinding tool when choosing the soft side of a polishing surface, and the surface of their hard as the rake face or the flank, This brings a favorable ground conditions, its anisotropy, so in use, to be considered a reasonable choice of the crystal plane, for example, hardness of the anvil, in use, the use of pressure is measured in or bouncing measured hardness of the material, but because of the hardness of different face, the results are different, of course, with a hard surface will help prolong life, and if made of natural diamond wire drawing die, because the hole face constituted by the crystal surface, so inconsistent hardness, wear will be uniform, circular cross section while the wire will cause stress differences uneven hardness, and affect the use of diamond sintered body and the thick-film diamond, the isotropic use in such products become very favorable.
PCD, PCBN, because grains are different, different concentrations, the performance is different, must be a diamond cbn wheel reasonable choice. Diamond is a pure diamond thick, close to the hardness of natural diamond, and PCD, PCDN diamond powder is mixed with the binding agent is sintered, so by the binding agent of the hardness, the hardness as the former.
Is well known, diamond with iron affinity, can be used in ferrous and non-metallic materials, while CBN even at a high temperature of 1000 ℃ cutting ferrous metal is fully competent. Has become difficult to machine materials, the main cutting tool materials. Superhard materials generally refers to a synthetic diamond, artificial CBN. These two materials exist, played a complementary role, you can overwrite the current and future concrete ring saw development of a variety of new materials processing, the entire cutting areas is extremely beneficial.
Precision diamond cutting tool sharpening requires great skill, in order to obtain a more accurate cutting edge radius, in particular less than 0.05um less precision, and of the grinding machine made very strict requirements, must have a high turn precision spindle shaft, the old mill were not suited, began to use more as a support air bearings, grinding disc must be able to be on the machine Shuhei to face runout control 0.5um or less. PCD and PCBN the grinding is relatively easy because the hardness is relatively low, with a diamond grinding wheel will fit, while thick diamond is different, its hardness close to the natural diamond, and is isotropic, so grinding more difficult .
2013年9月23日星期一
thick diamond tool sharpening
Thick diamond tool machining methods: mechanical grinding, hot metal plate polishing, ion beam, laser beam and the plasma etching.sintered diamond toolThe roll grinding with diamond thick destruction method 12 inch saw blade for processing into an average particle size of 32 ~ 37μm diamond grains or the direct use of the legal system HPHT diamond grains, the grain powder stacked on WC-16wt% Co alloy, and then use Ta foil to isolate, in 5.5GPa, 1500 ℃ under the conditions of sintering for 60 minutes, made of diamond sintered body, using this sintered into tools with high wear resistance.monocrystalline diamond toolSingle-crystal diamond tool is usually fixed on dry cut blades the diamond crystal knife head, knife head with screws or plates fixed on lathe arbor. Diamond in the knife head fixation methods are: mechanical reinforcement method (the diamond surface polished base and pressurized with pressure plate fixed to the knife head); powder metallurgy (the diamond on the alloy powder by adding pressure in the vacuum sintering, the diamond knife fixed at the head); bonding and soldering method (using an inorganic adhesive or cbn wheels other adhesive fixing diamond). Because the diamond and the substrate thermal expansion coefficient differences between the diamond easily loose.
diamond saw blade - the appearance of
A continuous edge blade: Continuous serrated diamond saw blade, usually produced by sintering method, commonly used as a basis for dry cut blades bronze binder matrix material, cutting water to be added to ensure the cutting effect, and will be useful for laser cutting head gap species.2, blade-type blade: serrated disconnected, cutting speed, suitable for dry and wet cutting method.3, turbo saw blade: 1,2 combined with the previous two advantages, sawtooth-shaped uniform continuous presence turbo punch, improved cutting speed and increase service life.Diamond saw blade, blade constant sharp pebbles, Heng Rui concrete saw blades, diamond sculptured piece, slotted cutting blades piece of diamond, diamond cut wall pieces, diamond cut pile pieces, Songshan cobblestone saw blades, concrete saw blades SongshanDifferent material selection of different types of diamond saw blades, different powder formulations suitable for different material properties of the material product quality, effectiveness, costs and benefits as well as the ring saw blades passing rate direct impact.Impact efficiency and life of saw blade sawing factors are process parameters and the diamond particle size, density, hardness and other binders. It has cut the number of blades can be wire-speed, concentration and cutting feedrate.
2013年9月22日星期日
refurbished marble polishing process according polished stone texture
Stone after long years of use as well as its natural weathering, coupled with artificial improper care can easily lead to its natural color and brightness disappears, it makes your head can wet tile saw not bear to see; redecoration costs are too high, too long. Marble renovation process is in a very short period of time the use of chemical and physical role in the original basis through the machine grinding, polishing, restoring it to its original brightness, natural color, brightness hundred percent, both economic and time-saving, life of more than five years.
Process
Tools: Stone refurbished machine, terrazzo machine, washing machine, marble polishing machine, vacuum suction machine, diamond disc 6 groups, red mat, white mat, special scouring pad
Using Pharmacy: stone abrasives , stone lightening agent, stone protective agent
According to the different levels of cutting wheels damage to marble, with refurbished machines with different diamond discs for grinding, must comply with the texture of stone lines operate until the stone surface is smooth and uniform color; polished with an abrasive pad with penetration and dried up; using credit agent be polished with mat until dry, and finally sprayed protective agent polished until the brightness recovery ever. The renovated stone surface of different materials according to their own maximum brightness of up to 120 degrees.
Marble is the main mineral component is a variety of calcite, dolomite or serpentine. Marble durability and relatively low luminosity than granite. Therefore, the possibility of refurbishment, renovation of difficulty, cost is relatively low. The key is to improve the tile cutting blades renovation of flatness, brightness, hardness and anti-seepage treatment. Machines, abrasives, operation, these three should combine organic, will damage the stone surface using mild, moderate, deep renovation.
Process
Tools: Stone refurbished machine, terrazzo machine, washing machine, marble polishing machine, vacuum suction machine, diamond disc 6 groups, red mat, white mat, special scouring pad
Using Pharmacy: stone abrasives , stone lightening agent, stone protective agent
According to the different levels of cutting wheels damage to marble, with refurbished machines with different diamond discs for grinding, must comply with the texture of stone lines operate until the stone surface is smooth and uniform color; polished with an abrasive pad with penetration and dried up; using credit agent be polished with mat until dry, and finally sprayed protective agent polished until the brightness recovery ever. The renovated stone surface of different materials according to their own maximum brightness of up to 120 degrees.
Marble is the main mineral component is a variety of calcite, dolomite or serpentine. Marble durability and relatively low luminosity than granite. Therefore, the possibility of refurbishment, renovation of difficulty, cost is relatively low. The key is to improve the tile cutting blades renovation of flatness, brightness, hardness and anti-seepage treatment. Machines, abrasives, operation, these three should combine organic, will damage the stone surface using mild, moderate, deep renovation.
tungsten carbide steel tool material Basics
Carbide is the most widely used class of high-speed machining (HSM) tool materials, such materials are produced by powder metallurgy process, made of hard carbide (usually tungsten carbide WC) particles and the soft texture of the metal bond components. Currently, there crack chaser are hundreds of different components of WC-based cemented carbide, the majority of them are used cobalt (Co) as a binder, nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) element is also commonly used binding agent, also can add other Some alloying elements. Why are there so many carbide grade? Tool manufacturers how to choose a particular cutting tool material correct? To answer these questions, let us look to make it an ideal tool material Carbide various characteristics.
Hardness and toughness
WC-Co cemented carbide in both hardness and toughness has a unique advantage. Tungsten carbide (WC) itself has a high hardness (more than corundum or aluminum oxide), and at elevated temperature hardness are rarely reduced. However, it lacks sufficient toughness, which is essential for the performance of the cutting tool. To take advantage of the high hardness of tungsten carbide and improve the toughness, people use the tungsten metal bonded together, so that the material is both far more than the hardness of high-speed steel, while able to withstand the cutting process, in most cutting force. In grinding cup wheels addition, it can withstand high-speed machining heat generated by the cutting.
Today, almost all of the WC-Co cutting tool inserts are used and the coating, therefore, the base material may seem less important role. But in fact, it is WC-Co materials with high elastic modulus (a measure of the stiffness of, WC-Co at room temperature modulus of elasticity is about three times as high speed steel) for the coating of a substrate without distortion. WC-Co substrate can provide the necessary toughness. These properties are WC-Co materials, basic characteristics, but can also be produced when the carbide powder, by adjusting the material composition and material properties tailored microstructure. Therefore, the tool performance and suitability of a particular processing depends largely on the initial milling process.
Milling process
Tungsten carbide powder is through the tungsten (W) powder obtained by carburizing treatment. Tungsten carbide powder characteristics (in particular its size) depends on the particle size of raw material powders of tungsten and carburization temperature and time. Chemical control is also critical, the carbon content must be kept constant (close to the weight ratio of 6.13% of the theoretical value). In order to control the subsequent step by the particle size, can be added before the carburizing treatment a small amount of vanadium and / or chromium. Downstream of different process conditions and the type of final machining applications require the router bits use of specific particle size of tungsten carbide, carbon content, vanadium content and chromium content in combination, a combination of these changes, can produce a variety of tungsten carbide powder. For example, tungsten carbide powder manufacturer ATI Alldyne company produced a total of 23 kinds of standard grades of tungsten carbide powder, and customized according to user requirements up to standard grades of tungsten carbide powder, tungsten carbide powder varieties more than 5 times.
When the metal bonded tungsten carbide powder and mixed together to produce a milled powder carbide grades, you can use a variety of combinations. The most common cobalt content of 3% to 25% (by weight), and the tool need to enhance corrosion resistance in the case of nickel and chromium needs to be added. In addition, you can also add other alloy components, and further improvement of the metal binding agent. For example, in the WC-Co cemented carbide adding ruthenium can be made without the premise of reducing the hardness significantly increase its toughness. Increase the binding agent content can also increase the toughness of the alloy, but will reduce its hardness.
Reducing the particle size of tungsten carbide hardness of the material can be improved, but in the sintering process, the tungsten carbide particle size must remain unchanged. Sintering, the tungsten carbide particles re-precipitated by dissolving process combines and growth. In the actual sintering process, in order to form a fully dense material, a metal binding agent to a liquid state (known as liquid phase sintering). By adding other transition metal carbides, including vanadium carbide (VC), chromium carbide (Cr3C2), titanium carbide (TiC), tantalum carbide (TaC) and niobium carbide (NbC), tungsten carbide particles can control the growth rate. These metals usually in the tungsten carbide powder and a metal binding agent is mixed with the milled added, although chromium carbide and vanadium carbide and tungsten carbide powder may also be formed when carburizing.
Recycled scrap carbide materials can be produced grades of tungsten carbide powder. Waste recycling and reuse of carbide in cemented carbide industry has a long history, is the entire economic chain of the industry is an important part, it helps to reduce material costs, conserve natural resources and avoid waste material and non- harm and disposal. Generally used cemented carbide by APT (ammonium paratungstate) process, or through a zinc recovery process for reuse after pulverization. The "regeneration" generally have a better carbide powder, predictable compactness, because of its surface area ratio is made directly through the carburization process of tungsten carbide powder is smaller.
Metal bonded tungsten carbide powder and mixing the milled processing conditions is crucial parameters. The two most common technique is ball milling and ultrafine grinding. Both processes can be uniformly mixed so that the milled powder, and to reduce the particle size. After the workpiece is pressed with sufficient strength to maintain the shape of the workpiece, and to an operator or robot can pick up the work operation, the milling usually also need to add an organic binding agent. The chemical composition of this combination is pressed into the workpiece can affect the density and strength. In order to facilitate operations, it is best to add high-strength bonding agent, but this will lead to suppression of lower density, which may result in lumps, causing a defect in the final product.
After the completion of milling, spray dried powder typically be generated from an organic binding agent that binds free flowing agglomerates. By adjusting the composition of the organic binder, these clumps can be customized mobility and charge density. By filtering out the coarse or fine particles, agglomerates can be further customized particle size distribution, to ensure that when the mold cavity is loaded with good fluidity.
Workpiece manufacturing
Carbide workpiece using a variety of craft molding methods. According to the workpiece size, shape, complexity level and production volume, most of the cutting blades are pressed by the top and bottom compression molded rigid mold. At each time of pressing, in order to maintain the consistency of the workpiece weight and size, to ensure the powder in the cavity (mass and volume) are identical. Powder flow mainly through the agglomerate size distribution and the characteristics of the organic binding agent to control. Loading the mold cavity by applying a powder 10-80ksi (one thousand pounds / square foot) of the molding pressure, the molded piece can be formed (or "blanks").
Hardness and toughness
WC-Co cemented carbide in both hardness and toughness has a unique advantage. Tungsten carbide (WC) itself has a high hardness (more than corundum or aluminum oxide), and at elevated temperature hardness are rarely reduced. However, it lacks sufficient toughness, which is essential for the performance of the cutting tool. To take advantage of the high hardness of tungsten carbide and improve the toughness, people use the tungsten metal bonded together, so that the material is both far more than the hardness of high-speed steel, while able to withstand the cutting process, in most cutting force. In grinding cup wheels addition, it can withstand high-speed machining heat generated by the cutting.
Today, almost all of the WC-Co cutting tool inserts are used and the coating, therefore, the base material may seem less important role. But in fact, it is WC-Co materials with high elastic modulus (a measure of the stiffness of, WC-Co at room temperature modulus of elasticity is about three times as high speed steel) for the coating of a substrate without distortion. WC-Co substrate can provide the necessary toughness. These properties are WC-Co materials, basic characteristics, but can also be produced when the carbide powder, by adjusting the material composition and material properties tailored microstructure. Therefore, the tool performance and suitability of a particular processing depends largely on the initial milling process.
Milling process
Tungsten carbide powder is through the tungsten (W) powder obtained by carburizing treatment. Tungsten carbide powder characteristics (in particular its size) depends on the particle size of raw material powders of tungsten and carburization temperature and time. Chemical control is also critical, the carbon content must be kept constant (close to the weight ratio of 6.13% of the theoretical value). In order to control the subsequent step by the particle size, can be added before the carburizing treatment a small amount of vanadium and / or chromium. Downstream of different process conditions and the type of final machining applications require the router bits use of specific particle size of tungsten carbide, carbon content, vanadium content and chromium content in combination, a combination of these changes, can produce a variety of tungsten carbide powder. For example, tungsten carbide powder manufacturer ATI Alldyne company produced a total of 23 kinds of standard grades of tungsten carbide powder, and customized according to user requirements up to standard grades of tungsten carbide powder, tungsten carbide powder varieties more than 5 times.
When the metal bonded tungsten carbide powder and mixed together to produce a milled powder carbide grades, you can use a variety of combinations. The most common cobalt content of 3% to 25% (by weight), and the tool need to enhance corrosion resistance in the case of nickel and chromium needs to be added. In addition, you can also add other alloy components, and further improvement of the metal binding agent. For example, in the WC-Co cemented carbide adding ruthenium can be made without the premise of reducing the hardness significantly increase its toughness. Increase the binding agent content can also increase the toughness of the alloy, but will reduce its hardness.
Reducing the particle size of tungsten carbide hardness of the material can be improved, but in the sintering process, the tungsten carbide particle size must remain unchanged. Sintering, the tungsten carbide particles re-precipitated by dissolving process combines and growth. In the actual sintering process, in order to form a fully dense material, a metal binding agent to a liquid state (known as liquid phase sintering). By adding other transition metal carbides, including vanadium carbide (VC), chromium carbide (Cr3C2), titanium carbide (TiC), tantalum carbide (TaC) and niobium carbide (NbC), tungsten carbide particles can control the growth rate. These metals usually in the tungsten carbide powder and a metal binding agent is mixed with the milled added, although chromium carbide and vanadium carbide and tungsten carbide powder may also be formed when carburizing.
Recycled scrap carbide materials can be produced grades of tungsten carbide powder. Waste recycling and reuse of carbide in cemented carbide industry has a long history, is the entire economic chain of the industry is an important part, it helps to reduce material costs, conserve natural resources and avoid waste material and non- harm and disposal. Generally used cemented carbide by APT (ammonium paratungstate) process, or through a zinc recovery process for reuse after pulverization. The "regeneration" generally have a better carbide powder, predictable compactness, because of its surface area ratio is made directly through the carburization process of tungsten carbide powder is smaller.
Metal bonded tungsten carbide powder and mixing the milled processing conditions is crucial parameters. The two most common technique is ball milling and ultrafine grinding. Both processes can be uniformly mixed so that the milled powder, and to reduce the particle size. After the workpiece is pressed with sufficient strength to maintain the shape of the workpiece, and to an operator or robot can pick up the work operation, the milling usually also need to add an organic binding agent. The chemical composition of this combination is pressed into the workpiece can affect the density and strength. In order to facilitate operations, it is best to add high-strength bonding agent, but this will lead to suppression of lower density, which may result in lumps, causing a defect in the final product.
After the completion of milling, spray dried powder typically be generated from an organic binding agent that binds free flowing agglomerates. By adjusting the composition of the organic binder, these clumps can be customized mobility and charge density. By filtering out the coarse or fine particles, agglomerates can be further customized particle size distribution, to ensure that when the mold cavity is loaded with good fluidity.
Workpiece manufacturing
Carbide workpiece using a variety of craft molding methods. According to the workpiece size, shape, complexity level and production volume, most of the cutting blades are pressed by the top and bottom compression molded rigid mold. At each time of pressing, in order to maintain the consistency of the workpiece weight and size, to ensure the powder in the cavity (mass and volume) are identical. Powder flow mainly through the agglomerate size distribution and the characteristics of the organic binding agent to control. Loading the mold cavity by applying a powder 10-80ksi (one thousand pounds / square foot) of the molding pressure, the molded piece can be formed (or "blanks").
2013年9月21日星期六
Diamond and other superhard materials characteristics and effects
In all kinds of data , the natural single crystal diamond is the hardest substance in the world , so as an abrasive and cutting things , its function is unmatched in diamond tools , for example, sharpening its edge radius able to even scanning electron microscopy, can not be detected , until now no one can replace information , apply it to cutting, are sanding belt often able to directly obtain the mirror , then been widely used in appearance, electronics, optics and other areas , to become deficient not cutting what information , but due to cost precious , sharpening needs clever artistry, so always hinder its widespread use .
Hard data as superior functionality , the use of constantly expanded ( glass grinding wheel ) to carry out from the metal processing optical glass processing, stone processing, ceramics processing, data processing and other brittle difficult for traditional processing areas .
Natural single crystal diamond , because of its anisotropy , and thus the hardness of the difference of the crystal is very large, in the grinding tool when choosing the soft side of a polishing surface , and the surface of their hard as the rake face or the flank , this gives ground to bring favorable conditions , because of its anisotropy , so in use , it is necessary to consider a reasonable selection of planes , for example , hardness of the anvil , in the use of , or bouncing pressed into use to measure the hardness test data , but because of the hardness of the work surface is not the same , the results are different, of course, use a hard surface , is conducive to extend life expectancy , and if the production of natural diamond wire drawing die , because the hole by the crystal surface work surface composition, hardness and thus inconsistent , then uneven wear , with circular cross-section wire give a stress difference , the hardness unevenness affect the application of diamond sintered body and the thick-film diamond , the isotropic product in such sample / the use becomes very favorable.
PCD, PCBN, because the grain is not the same , the concentration is not the same , the function is not the same , it is necessary and reasonable choice. Diamond is a pure diamond thick film , the hardness near to the natural diamond and PCD, PCDN diamond powder is mixed with the metal grinding wheel binding agent is sintered , and thus the hardness of the binder was , as the hardness of the former.
Is well known , diamond with iron affinity, can be used in non-ferrous metal and non-metal items , while CBN even in a high temperature of 1000 ℃ cutting ferrous metal is fully able to act . Has become difficult to process information for future primary cutting stuff available. Usually hard data refers artificial diamond , artificial CBN. These two items are present together , played a complementary effect , able to mask was carried out with the subsequent processing of a variety of new data on the entire cutting area is extremely beneficial.
Diamond cutting precision grinding needs something clever techniques, in order to obtain more precise cutting edge radius , especially accuracy of less than 0.05um following the grinding machine made appropriate stringent requirements , ( diamond wheels ) have necessary to have flap wheels a high precision spindle shaft reversal , the old mill has been accustomed to, more choice of air bearings as the support began lapping plate on the machine it is necessary to be able to Shuhei to face runout control 0.5um or less. PCD and PCBN sharpening contrast is relatively simple, because the hardness is relatively low contrast , can be used as a diamond wheel , while the thick diamond is not the same , the hardness near to a natural diamond , and is isotropic, so sharpening contrast difficult.
Hard data as superior functionality , the use of constantly expanded ( glass grinding wheel ) to carry out from the metal processing optical glass processing, stone processing, ceramics processing, data processing and other brittle difficult for traditional processing areas .
Natural single crystal diamond , because of its anisotropy , and thus the hardness of the difference of the crystal is very large, in the grinding tool when choosing the soft side of a polishing surface , and the surface of their hard as the rake face or the flank , this gives ground to bring favorable conditions , because of its anisotropy , so in use , it is necessary to consider a reasonable selection of planes , for example , hardness of the anvil , in the use of , or bouncing pressed into use to measure the hardness test data , but because of the hardness of the work surface is not the same , the results are different, of course, use a hard surface , is conducive to extend life expectancy , and if the production of natural diamond wire drawing die , because the hole by the crystal surface work surface composition, hardness and thus inconsistent , then uneven wear , with circular cross-section wire give a stress difference , the hardness unevenness affect the application of diamond sintered body and the thick-film diamond , the isotropic product in such sample / the use becomes very favorable.
PCD, PCBN, because the grain is not the same , the concentration is not the same , the function is not the same , it is necessary and reasonable choice. Diamond is a pure diamond thick film , the hardness near to the natural diamond and PCD, PCDN diamond powder is mixed with the metal grinding wheel binding agent is sintered , and thus the hardness of the binder was , as the hardness of the former.
Is well known , diamond with iron affinity, can be used in non-ferrous metal and non-metal items , while CBN even in a high temperature of 1000 ℃ cutting ferrous metal is fully able to act . Has become difficult to process information for future primary cutting stuff available. Usually hard data refers artificial diamond , artificial CBN. These two items are present together , played a complementary effect , able to mask was carried out with the subsequent processing of a variety of new data on the entire cutting area is extremely beneficial.
Diamond cutting precision grinding needs something clever techniques, in order to obtain more precise cutting edge radius , especially accuracy of less than 0.05um following the grinding machine made appropriate stringent requirements , ( diamond wheels ) have necessary to have flap wheels a high precision spindle shaft reversal , the old mill has been accustomed to, more choice of air bearings as the support began lapping plate on the machine it is necessary to be able to Shuhei to face runout control 0.5um or less. PCD and PCBN sharpening contrast is relatively simple, because the hardness is relatively low contrast , can be used as a diamond wheel , while the thick diamond is not the same , the hardness near to a natural diamond , and is isotropic, so sharpening contrast difficult.
What kind of a good grinding material
Solve difficult grinding material grinding through: a reasonable choice of grinding wheel, grinding dosage, grinding fluid and grinding process method.A ) a reasonable choice of grinding wheel grinding wheel features a reasonable choice is to solve the difficult material grinding mill is one important way ( 1 ) Select the appropriate abrasive . Grinding hard grind material often used corundum (wA), zirconium corundum (zA), monocrystalline corundum (SA), microcrystalline corundum (MA), green tct circular saw blade silicon carbide (GC) and cubic boron nitride abrasive . Such as the use of zirconium corundum grinding 1Crl8Ni9Ti such as stainless steel , not only high grinding efficiency , but also easy to produce burns ; using monocrystalline corundum grinding ordinary high-speed steel and high vanadium high speed steel , stainless steel and GH2132, GH901 superalloy such as high hardness, toughness of material effect has been achieved ; green silicon carbide grinding wheel with titanium, microcrystalline corundum grinding ductile iron which was also very effective . Sometimes in order to solve some hard material grinding mill , using several different proportions mixing abrasive wheel , the grinding effect than a single abrasive grinding wheels are good. As with corundum 80% + 20% of the mixed green silicon carbide abrasive grinding wheel nickel-base superalloy , using single-crystal mixture of corundum and microcrystalline corundum abrasive wheel, grinding aluminum high-speed steel , can solve the problem of burns .
( 2 ) use of two different particle size abrasive . Chosen by a certain percentage is made of two different particle size abrasive wheel , grinding wheels help to improve durability.
( 3 ) the appropriate choice of wheel hardness and texture . Mill grinding hard materials should be selected hardness is low, loose tissue of the wheel. This is because the low hardness of grinding wheels, abrasive grinding process in easy to fall off , the wheel surface to obtain a new sharp cutting edges , thus grinding and grinding , lower temperature , easy to cause T surface burns, improve wear debris the grinding wheel working surface tackiness . In order to solve superalloy GH90l, GH2132 other grinding of the problem, the use of large pores wheel loose tissue , a significant good results. But wheel loose tissue , but also by grinding plus T precision requirement. Because the wheel loose tissue , wheel hardness is too soft for maintaining precision has a downside , it must be moderate.
2 ) a reasonable choice of grinding parameters
( 1) The wheel speed selection . In the concrete saws general case , the grinding wheel speed is difficult to grind the material should be less than 35m / s. However, some high-speed grinding hard grind materials , but also have a good effect . Such as the selection wheel speed u. = 55m / s Grinding ] Crl8Ni9Ti, its production efficiency and durability than the general grinding wheel wheel speed increased by 1 . Using υc = 60m / s , high-temperature alloy GH2132 grinding , the grinding efficiency can also l times . However, the adoption of green silicon carbide grinding wheel titanium alloy , you have to use υc = 17m / s lower wheel speed , so get up to 25 of the grinding ratio .
( 2 ) grinding depth . As hard material grinding mill poor , in normal circumstances , you should use a small grinding depth . Such as the use of green silicon carbide grinding wheel TC4 titanium alloy , with a smaller grinding depth , you can get a higher grinding ratio and concrete vibrator a larger amount of metal removal . But in a υc = 50m / s vertical grinding ductile iron , they should adopt a larger 0.1mm grinding depth , when grinding depth αP (0.0l-0.02) mm , the wheel but easily blocked, accelerated wheel blunt technology .
( 3 ) Workpiece speed. The higher the speed of the workpiece should be used to reduce or prevent the workpiece burn . However, using deep creep feed grinding , in order to avoid burns, should opt for a lower workpiece speed.
( 2 ) use of two different particle size abrasive . Chosen by a certain percentage is made of two different particle size abrasive wheel , grinding wheels help to improve durability.
( 3 ) the appropriate choice of wheel hardness and texture . Mill grinding hard materials should be selected hardness is low, loose tissue of the wheel. This is because the low hardness of grinding wheels, abrasive grinding process in easy to fall off , the wheel surface to obtain a new sharp cutting edges , thus grinding and grinding , lower temperature , easy to cause T surface burns, improve wear debris the grinding wheel working surface tackiness . In order to solve superalloy GH90l, GH2132 other grinding of the problem, the use of large pores wheel loose tissue , a significant good results. But wheel loose tissue , but also by grinding plus T precision requirement. Because the wheel loose tissue , wheel hardness is too soft for maintaining precision has a downside , it must be moderate.
2 ) a reasonable choice of grinding parameters
( 1) The wheel speed selection . In the concrete saws general case , the grinding wheel speed is difficult to grind the material should be less than 35m / s. However, some high-speed grinding hard grind materials , but also have a good effect . Such as the selection wheel speed u. = 55m / s Grinding ] Crl8Ni9Ti, its production efficiency and durability than the general grinding wheel wheel speed increased by 1 . Using υc = 60m / s , high-temperature alloy GH2132 grinding , the grinding efficiency can also l times . However, the adoption of green silicon carbide grinding wheel titanium alloy , you have to use υc = 17m / s lower wheel speed , so get up to 25 of the grinding ratio .
( 2 ) grinding depth . As hard material grinding mill poor , in normal circumstances , you should use a small grinding depth . Such as the use of green silicon carbide grinding wheel TC4 titanium alloy , with a smaller grinding depth , you can get a higher grinding ratio and concrete vibrator a larger amount of metal removal . But in a υc = 50m / s vertical grinding ductile iron , they should adopt a larger 0.1mm grinding depth , when grinding depth αP (0.0l-0.02) mm , the wheel but easily blocked, accelerated wheel blunt technology .
( 3 ) Workpiece speed. The higher the speed of the workpiece should be used to reduce or prevent the workpiece burn . However, using deep creep feed grinding , in order to avoid burns, should opt for a lower workpiece speed.
2013年9月17日星期二
Sharpening drill main master a few tips
1, the edge of the grinding wheel surface to settle .
Grinding bit before the first bit of the main cutting edge of the grinding wheel surface placed on a level surface , that Plate Compactor is, to ensure the contact edge grinding surface, the blade to be ground . This is the bit position of the first step and the wheel relative to the position and then slowly to gracefully by grinding the surface .
2, the bit axis oblique to the surface with the wheel angle of 60 ° .
This angle is the angle of the drill front , then the angle is wrong, will directly affect the size and angle drill main cutting edge shape and chisel edge angle . This is the bit line and the wheel axis of the positional relationship between the surface , taking the line 60 ° , this angle is generally more accurate to see . Here we note that the relative levels before the drill grinding and angular positions , both overall plans , do not neglect to settle edge gracefully degree angle , or the angle to gracefully while ignoring settle edge .
3 , followed by the grinding edge back .
After contacting wheel edge , from the cutting edge to the back of the main mill , that is from the drill edge first came into contact with wheels, then slowly down along the entire flank wear . Drill cut can gently touch wheel , the first for a smaller amount of sharpening , and observe the spark uniformity, timely adjustment of hand size of the pressure , but also pay attention to the drill bit cool , not be allowed to wear too much, causing discoloration edge , and to the edge annealing . Discovery edge temperature is high, the drill should be promptly cooled .
4 blade to swing up and down the drill , drill the tail can not be warped .
This is a standard drill grinding operation , the main cutting edge to swing up and down on the wheel , that is, the front of the hand grip drill evenly to the surface of the wheel of the drill bit up and masonry drill bits down. The hand grip part can not swing , but also to prevent the rear handle to the upturned , that can not drill the tail above the horizontal centerline Gao Qiao Yu wheel , otherwise it would blunt edge , not cutting . This is the most critical step drill bit worn good or bad, and this has a great relationship . In almost worn when started from the edge , back angle and then gently rub a bit so that the back is more smooth some of the edges .
5, to ensure cutting edge right axis symmetrical on both sides slowly repair .
After grinding the side edge , and then grind the other side of the blade , blade must ensure that the axis of the drill in the middle of both sides of the blade to be symmetrical . Experienced master will look toward the light drill tip symmetry , proceed slowly grinding . After the drill cutting edge angle is generally 10 ° -14 °, posterior horn of the big, the cutting edge is too thin , powerful vibration when drilling , triangular or pentagonal orifice was the chip acicular ; posterior horn of the small, axial force when drilling large, easy to cut , cutting force increases, the temperature rise hole saw blades big , drill severe fever , not even drilling . Angle after angle grinding suitable Feng-Jian pairs, two-edged symmetrical , drilling , drill chip light, no vibration, aperture is not expanded.
6 , two after a good grinding of larger diameter drill bit drill grinding also pay attention to Feng-Jian .
Grinding bit before the first bit of the main cutting edge of the grinding wheel surface placed on a level surface , that Plate Compactor is, to ensure the contact edge grinding surface, the blade to be ground . This is the bit position of the first step and the wheel relative to the position and then slowly to gracefully by grinding the surface .
2, the bit axis oblique to the surface with the wheel angle of 60 ° .
This angle is the angle of the drill front , then the angle is wrong, will directly affect the size and angle drill main cutting edge shape and chisel edge angle . This is the bit line and the wheel axis of the positional relationship between the surface , taking the line 60 ° , this angle is generally more accurate to see . Here we note that the relative levels before the drill grinding and angular positions , both overall plans , do not neglect to settle edge gracefully degree angle , or the angle to gracefully while ignoring settle edge .
3 , followed by the grinding edge back .
After contacting wheel edge , from the cutting edge to the back of the main mill , that is from the drill edge first came into contact with wheels, then slowly down along the entire flank wear . Drill cut can gently touch wheel , the first for a smaller amount of sharpening , and observe the spark uniformity, timely adjustment of hand size of the pressure , but also pay attention to the drill bit cool , not be allowed to wear too much, causing discoloration edge , and to the edge annealing . Discovery edge temperature is high, the drill should be promptly cooled .
4 blade to swing up and down the drill , drill the tail can not be warped .
This is a standard drill grinding operation , the main cutting edge to swing up and down on the wheel , that is, the front of the hand grip drill evenly to the surface of the wheel of the drill bit up and masonry drill bits down. The hand grip part can not swing , but also to prevent the rear handle to the upturned , that can not drill the tail above the horizontal centerline Gao Qiao Yu wheel , otherwise it would blunt edge , not cutting . This is the most critical step drill bit worn good or bad, and this has a great relationship . In almost worn when started from the edge , back angle and then gently rub a bit so that the back is more smooth some of the edges .
5, to ensure cutting edge right axis symmetrical on both sides slowly repair .
After grinding the side edge , and then grind the other side of the blade , blade must ensure that the axis of the drill in the middle of both sides of the blade to be symmetrical . Experienced master will look toward the light drill tip symmetry , proceed slowly grinding . After the drill cutting edge angle is generally 10 ° -14 °, posterior horn of the big, the cutting edge is too thin , powerful vibration when drilling , triangular or pentagonal orifice was the chip acicular ; posterior horn of the small, axial force when drilling large, easy to cut , cutting force increases, the temperature rise hole saw blades big , drill severe fever , not even drilling . Angle after angle grinding suitable Feng-Jian pairs, two-edged symmetrical , drilling , drill chip light, no vibration, aperture is not expanded.
6 , two after a good grinding of larger diameter drill bit drill grinding also pay attention to Feng-Jian .
what the cutting diamond
In the entrance area to cut pieces as monomers, and its share of China's import growth still equal good. tool imports despite a substantial increase in imports of manufactured goods organs but not reasonable, high-grade resources, high energy consumption of products accounted for a large proportion of imported products subject to further beautify the granite core bits organization.
China Machine Tool Equipment wealth Association statistics show that in 2010 China's machine tool import totaled $ 7.03 billion, an increase of 48.4%, of which metal processing machine tool imports $ 1.85 billion, an increase of 31.3%, significantly lower than the growth rate of its machine tool manufacturing Works growth. In the export of products, abrasives imports continued rapid increase, of 15.3 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 100 percent, and cutting tools, tool machine tool industry to become the largest amount of manufactured goods imported two types of system works, machine tool equipment, manufactured goods accounted for Entrance amount of 44.6%.
In these two types of manufactured goods, high-end diamond cbn wheel resources such as abrasives and cutting tools, high energy consumption products occupy a large proportion of the absolute value of the machine at a higher proportion of imported products are getting smaller, accounting for only 26.3% low compared to 2009 by 3.4 percentage points over the same period, imports of product structure management status differences have not been changed.
2011 to deal with the whole abrasives is not a small chance of provocation years, twelve five counsel put forward to the diamond polishing tools entire industry has brought a lot of opportunity. Nothing more than the implementation of energy conservation policies abrasives industry theoretically gave a lot of pressure, through the market situation, the value of the abrasive impact is not big, compared to the estimated future there will be a need to go jumbled history through.
China Machine Tool Equipment wealth Association statistics show that in 2010 China's machine tool import totaled $ 7.03 billion, an increase of 48.4%, of which metal processing machine tool imports $ 1.85 billion, an increase of 31.3%, significantly lower than the growth rate of its machine tool manufacturing Works growth. In the export of products, abrasives imports continued rapid increase, of 15.3 billion U.S. dollars, an increase of 100 percent, and cutting tools, tool machine tool industry to become the largest amount of manufactured goods imported two types of system works, machine tool equipment, manufactured goods accounted for Entrance amount of 44.6%.
In these two types of manufactured goods, high-end diamond cbn wheel resources such as abrasives and cutting tools, high energy consumption products occupy a large proportion of the absolute value of the machine at a higher proportion of imported products are getting smaller, accounting for only 26.3% low compared to 2009 by 3.4 percentage points over the same period, imports of product structure management status differences have not been changed.
2011 to deal with the whole abrasives is not a small chance of provocation years, twelve five counsel put forward to the diamond polishing tools entire industry has brought a lot of opportunity. Nothing more than the implementation of energy conservation policies abrasives industry theoretically gave a lot of pressure, through the market situation, the value of the abrasive impact is not big, compared to the estimated future there will be a need to go jumbled history through.
2013年9月16日星期一
Saw some of the major considerations
1, the operator operates on protective equipment should be worn before : such as safety shoes, safety glasses, hard hats, ear armor .
2, the cutting machine should have guards or other safety devices .
3 , check the blade for damage masonry drill bits before use , severely deformed , if damaged strictly prohibited.
4, check the cutting machine chuck is dirty , dirty to clean up after the installation when the spindle or spindle bearings or bushings are badly worn , replace badly worn bushings or new equipment .
5 , when the blade is installed , it must be marked on the blade in the direction consistent with the direction of rotation of the cutting machine . Direction inconsistent phenomena likely to cause cut does not move .
6 , when used if it is wet cutting blade , please add enough cool water .
7 , using a cutting blade if it is dry , dry cutting every 10 to 15 seconds to spin a few seconds to cool the blade , the larger the depth of cut should be step cut, dry cutting blade cooling water cutting, would be more effective .
8 , curve cutting cutting process allowed , not carbide tipped saw blade allowed to use the side grinding , cutting and side wear curve is likely to cause the blade to use crack, or break off the block matrix .
9 , if the cutting is tilted cutting, cutting depth should not be too large , the cutting process must pay attention to safety , try not to let your body and the blade on a flat surface , the cutting process hear abnormal sounds should immediately stop cutting and check that the blade is damaged, or check the blade mounting screws are loose .
10 , in the course of the event of blockage blade , the blade will become dull , use ceramic or refractory to re-open blade wheel ( the blade that is refractory ceramic grinding wheel or knife , cut a dozen ) , to re- open the blade can be restored after sharpness . 11 , when metal drill bits the cutting process encountered noise, vibration powerful, should be immediately stopped to check whether the blade cracks or chunking , cracks and off the block , the need to replace the film .
12 , cutting saw blade cutting material 2mm more than the material being cut can reduce the extent of side bang .
13 , if the pore size and cutter blade spindle is not met, can be coupled with appropriate size washers, but should pay attention to during the cutting blade with jitter phenomenon , some words will have to check whether the washer off . If you continue to use washer off , can easily cause the blade when cutting jitter , resulting in loss of circular saw blades and can not continue to use. The side that lost a round blade saw blade wear much less wear and tear on one side , you can see the head from the appearance of the different levels of high and low wear .
2, the cutting machine should have guards or other safety devices .
3 , check the blade for damage masonry drill bits before use , severely deformed , if damaged strictly prohibited.
4, check the cutting machine chuck is dirty , dirty to clean up after the installation when the spindle or spindle bearings or bushings are badly worn , replace badly worn bushings or new equipment .
5 , when the blade is installed , it must be marked on the blade in the direction consistent with the direction of rotation of the cutting machine . Direction inconsistent phenomena likely to cause cut does not move .
6 , when used if it is wet cutting blade , please add enough cool water .
7 , using a cutting blade if it is dry , dry cutting every 10 to 15 seconds to spin a few seconds to cool the blade , the larger the depth of cut should be step cut, dry cutting blade cooling water cutting, would be more effective .
8 , curve cutting cutting process allowed , not carbide tipped saw blade allowed to use the side grinding , cutting and side wear curve is likely to cause the blade to use crack, or break off the block matrix .
9 , if the cutting is tilted cutting, cutting depth should not be too large , the cutting process must pay attention to safety , try not to let your body and the blade on a flat surface , the cutting process hear abnormal sounds should immediately stop cutting and check that the blade is damaged, or check the blade mounting screws are loose .
10 , in the course of the event of blockage blade , the blade will become dull , use ceramic or refractory to re-open blade wheel ( the blade that is refractory ceramic grinding wheel or knife , cut a dozen ) , to re- open the blade can be restored after sharpness . 11 , when metal drill bits the cutting process encountered noise, vibration powerful, should be immediately stopped to check whether the blade cracks or chunking , cracks and off the block , the need to replace the film .
12 , cutting saw blade cutting material 2mm more than the material being cut can reduce the extent of side bang .
13 , if the pore size and cutter blade spindle is not met, can be coupled with appropriate size washers, but should pay attention to during the cutting blade with jitter phenomenon , some words will have to check whether the washer off . If you continue to use washer off , can easily cause the blade when cutting jitter , resulting in loss of circular saw blades and can not continue to use. The side that lost a round blade saw blade wear much less wear and tear on one side , you can see the head from the appearance of the different levels of high and low wear .
Saw is the most indispensable tools
In diamond products industry, we all know, is called fine machining tool blade terminal and intermediate products is essential for class materials .
In recent years, as domestic production of synthetic diamond material and labor costs increase, the superhard material , diamond prices wet saw blades soaring , derived diamond wheel and saw reflected in the most obvious, because some local SMEs can not afford the increased cost pressures have been eliminated , but the market is not saturated trend , we can say the diamond industry is still a long time very popular in the industry , diamond buy and supply has not been much affected , but also brought some adverse market effects , a number of diamond companies in order to reduce the cost of inputs , nor increase the business of innovation support, making part of the product and a serious lack of similar foreign products, the competitiveness of the diamond , the diamond tools , the price increases Meanwhile, the diamond tool manufacturer domestic sales continue to decline foreign orders continue to increase, so we should take into account , regardless of the industry in innovation is the driving force of life , saw no exception , even though industry segment is uneven, we should always bear in mind .
In the diamond industry, from the year before , abrasives in the market, sales have gradually increased , according to media reports South Huanghe Whirlwind two diamond diamonds and large enterprises respectively, of its efforts to increase the input-output , recently Jiangyin Juan Tong Guangzhou Abrasives Factory workers increased blade production to meet market demand, these indicate that the diamond industry in the country's development potential of no less than abroad.
Behind diamond prices reflected market effects , not hole saw blades only that we need to increase the industry 's innovation, but we need to do to market demands better planning and preparation, price increases are not limited to the entire industry, how the prices at the same time to find a breakthrough in the industry , this is the diamond industry is currently ask for consideration. Insist on doing quality , the market will give you a good feedback , which is our usual practice , we have been strengthening product development.
In recent years, as domestic production of synthetic diamond material and labor costs increase, the superhard material , diamond prices wet saw blades soaring , derived diamond wheel and saw reflected in the most obvious, because some local SMEs can not afford the increased cost pressures have been eliminated , but the market is not saturated trend , we can say the diamond industry is still a long time very popular in the industry , diamond buy and supply has not been much affected , but also brought some adverse market effects , a number of diamond companies in order to reduce the cost of inputs , nor increase the business of innovation support, making part of the product and a serious lack of similar foreign products, the competitiveness of the diamond , the diamond tools , the price increases Meanwhile, the diamond tool manufacturer domestic sales continue to decline foreign orders continue to increase, so we should take into account , regardless of the industry in innovation is the driving force of life , saw no exception , even though industry segment is uneven, we should always bear in mind .
In the diamond industry, from the year before , abrasives in the market, sales have gradually increased , according to media reports South Huanghe Whirlwind two diamond diamonds and large enterprises respectively, of its efforts to increase the input-output , recently Jiangyin Juan Tong Guangzhou Abrasives Factory workers increased blade production to meet market demand, these indicate that the diamond industry in the country's development potential of no less than abroad.
Behind diamond prices reflected market effects , not hole saw blades only that we need to increase the industry 's innovation, but we need to do to market demands better planning and preparation, price increases are not limited to the entire industry, how the prices at the same time to find a breakthrough in the industry , this is the diamond industry is currently ask for consideration. Insist on doing quality , the market will give you a good feedback , which is our usual practice , we have been strengthening product development.
2013年9月15日星期日
used alloy blades need to pay attention to what matters
must be carefully read before using manual cutting machine and packaging items mentioned on the cover.
2, according to the choice of materials to be cut blade varieties, and check blades for cracks, distortions, lost stone polishing pads teeth, do not use if damaged blade.
3, be sure to use a good cutter blade casing mounted guard, and wear face masks or protective eye.
4, the blade cutting machine please check before installation whether spindle runout, when the blade mounting flange and nut set with tight after installation and people must be the center hole of the blade is firmly fixed on the flange, according to Taiwan, a gasket must be good washer buying gently pushed manually rotating blade confirm whether the eccentric shaking.
5, after installing alloy saw before use preroll one minute, until the machine into operation only when the cutting operation.
6, the non-automatic cutting operation, you must gently normal operation of the saw blade enters the material, Forced hard pushed hard prohibited. And to prohibit reverse prohibit suddenly saw parked in the middle of the cut material, or cause jagged off, saw body deformation, prone to danger.
7, the use of abnormal sound heard and saw abnormal shaking or section does not usually stop the job and find the metal grinding wheel reason for the exception, the timely replacement blades.
8, after cutting please wipe rust oil to prevent blade rust due to long periods of use.
9, insert the blade perpendicular to the tool holder to hang in a dry, avoid wet areas. Do not place the blade flat on the ground, otherwise easily lead to blade deformation. Do not directly stacked multi-chip saw blade shall be spaced packaging to avoid jagged collision should gently.
10, when the blade is not sharp serrated grinding again, not easy to damage teeth grinding time original angle affect cutting accuracy and shorten the life of saw blade. First, how to choose the right blade?
1, the basic data: ① machine spindle speed, ② workpiece thickness, and texture, ③ saw blade diameter size and pore size (shaft);
2, selected on the basis: the number of revolutions of the spindle and intends to match the blade diameter calculation, cutting speed: V = π × diameter D × revolutions N/60 (m / s) is generally reasonable cutting speed 60-90 m / sec,
Specific recommendations:
Material Cutting Speed
Cork 60-90 (m / s)
Hardwood 50-70 (m / s)
Particleboard, plywood 60-80 (m / s)
Cutting speed is too large, machine vibration, voice large, reduce the stability of the blade, the processing quality decreased, the cutting speed is too small, the production efficiency is lowered. The same feed rate, cutting the amount of increase per tooth, affecting the processing quality and life of the saw blade. Because blade diameter D and the spindle speed N is a power function, in practice, a reasonable increase speed and reduce the saw blade diameter is most economical.
3, quality bid:
As the saying goes: "not good goods cheaper, better goods are not cheap", on the other commodities that may true, but I am afraid that the tool tool is not at all clear; key is to match. On the job site of many factors: cutting objects such as equipment, quality requirements, quality of personnel and so on. Comprehensive assessment, sensible manner, the best use, just right, in order to save money, reduce costs, participation in the turbo blades competition in the industry. This depends on the mastery of professional knowledge and understanding of information of similar products.
Second, the proper use of:
In order to play its best performance blade must be strictly in accordance with the standard use;
1, blades of different sizes and uses, the design of the head and the base form angles differ by their corresponding possible occasions;
2, the device spindle and plywood size and shape and position accuracy effects have a significant impact on the use, installation and adjustment to be checked before the blade. Especially for plywood blade contact surface with the impact caused by the clamping force to slip displacement factors must be excluded;
3, pay attention to the work of the blade, an exception occurs, such as vibration, my voice, machined surface material moving situation, you must promptly stop adjustment, and timely grinding, maintaining peak interest;
4, grinding blade must not change its original angle, to avoid sudden thermal quench local head, the best professional grinding
5, temporarily without the saw blade to vertical hanging, avoid prolonged flat, the matter should not heap pressure on it, head office to be protected, not allowed to collide.
2, according to the choice of materials to be cut blade varieties, and check blades for cracks, distortions, lost stone polishing pads teeth, do not use if damaged blade.
3, be sure to use a good cutter blade casing mounted guard, and wear face masks or protective eye.
4, the blade cutting machine please check before installation whether spindle runout, when the blade mounting flange and nut set with tight after installation and people must be the center hole of the blade is firmly fixed on the flange, according to Taiwan, a gasket must be good washer buying gently pushed manually rotating blade confirm whether the eccentric shaking.
5, after installing alloy saw before use preroll one minute, until the machine into operation only when the cutting operation.
6, the non-automatic cutting operation, you must gently normal operation of the saw blade enters the material, Forced hard pushed hard prohibited. And to prohibit reverse prohibit suddenly saw parked in the middle of the cut material, or cause jagged off, saw body deformation, prone to danger.
7, the use of abnormal sound heard and saw abnormal shaking or section does not usually stop the job and find the metal grinding wheel reason for the exception, the timely replacement blades.
8, after cutting please wipe rust oil to prevent blade rust due to long periods of use.
9, insert the blade perpendicular to the tool holder to hang in a dry, avoid wet areas. Do not place the blade flat on the ground, otherwise easily lead to blade deformation. Do not directly stacked multi-chip saw blade shall be spaced packaging to avoid jagged collision should gently.
10, when the blade is not sharp serrated grinding again, not easy to damage teeth grinding time original angle affect cutting accuracy and shorten the life of saw blade. First, how to choose the right blade?
1, the basic data: ① machine spindle speed, ② workpiece thickness, and texture, ③ saw blade diameter size and pore size (shaft);
2, selected on the basis: the number of revolutions of the spindle and intends to match the blade diameter calculation, cutting speed: V = π × diameter D × revolutions N/60 (m / s) is generally reasonable cutting speed 60-90 m / sec,
Specific recommendations:
Material Cutting Speed
Cork 60-90 (m / s)
Hardwood 50-70 (m / s)
Particleboard, plywood 60-80 (m / s)
Cutting speed is too large, machine vibration, voice large, reduce the stability of the blade, the processing quality decreased, the cutting speed is too small, the production efficiency is lowered. The same feed rate, cutting the amount of increase per tooth, affecting the processing quality and life of the saw blade. Because blade diameter D and the spindle speed N is a power function, in practice, a reasonable increase speed and reduce the saw blade diameter is most economical.
3, quality bid:
As the saying goes: "not good goods cheaper, better goods are not cheap", on the other commodities that may true, but I am afraid that the tool tool is not at all clear; key is to match. On the job site of many factors: cutting objects such as equipment, quality requirements, quality of personnel and so on. Comprehensive assessment, sensible manner, the best use, just right, in order to save money, reduce costs, participation in the turbo blades competition in the industry. This depends on the mastery of professional knowledge and understanding of information of similar products.
Second, the proper use of:
In order to play its best performance blade must be strictly in accordance with the standard use;
1, blades of different sizes and uses, the design of the head and the base form angles differ by their corresponding possible occasions;
2, the device spindle and plywood size and shape and position accuracy effects have a significant impact on the use, installation and adjustment to be checked before the blade. Especially for plywood blade contact surface with the impact caused by the clamping force to slip displacement factors must be excluded;
3, pay attention to the work of the blade, an exception occurs, such as vibration, my voice, machined surface material moving situation, you must promptly stop adjustment, and timely grinding, maintaining peak interest;
4, grinding blade must not change its original angle, to avoid sudden thermal quench local head, the best professional grinding
5, temporarily without the saw blade to vertical hanging, avoid prolonged flat, the matter should not heap pressure on it, head office to be protected, not allowed to collide.
Velcro wool ball (polishing pad)
Felt Felt polishing wheel Density 0.38-0.65g / cm 3, diameter 10-800 mm, thickness 3-50 mm, quality is divided into; premium, one, two, (material with industrial felt). Scope: eg concrete diamond blades automotive beauty, glass, furniture, wood, stainless steel plate, stainless steel, castings, precision instruments, products, tools, gold and silver jewelry, precious metals and other surface polishing. The object to be polished clean and bright, tiny scratches can be shuffled around, played to mark polished as new results. Can be used with polishing liquid, paste, powder, with the use of better. Felt wheel plane different from the industrial production process blankets, organizations, small pores, unlike fabric that limit by latitude and longitude, good wear resistance, is wood, jewelry, glass, polished stainless steel plate throwing the best material. How to choose the blankets round: items need to be left at the correct density sized blankets round, throwing glass is generally used 0.45g-0.50g/m3, cast stainless steel plate dry polishing pads used 50g-65g/cm3, polishing marble used 0.40g/cm3- 0.50g/cm3, jewelry, jade available 50g/cm3 around. Felt wheel features not every product specifications are available, such as strong sexual Felt wheels density is too large will lose elasticity, density is too small to lose abrasion resistance, the thickness of wool have influence on the properties, according to the practical application to set.The product is widely used in ceramic tiles waxing decontamination, the pipelining tiles waxing machine waxing consumables. Now getting into the average family on the floor, floor tiles cleaning waxing polishing. Applicable to soft floor polishing.
Red: remove minor scratches and dirt meet abrasive tools unexpectedly, was formed smooth and shiny bright surface. Is ideal for daily cleaning and polishing products.
Black: grinding power, wear durability, mainly for the decontamination of ground, is used to start the first stage of grinding. Designed for heavy duty wet from the wax design. Effectively remove the wax surface, stains and glossy coating.
Red: remove minor scratches and dirt meet abrasive tools unexpectedly, was formed smooth and shiny bright surface. Is ideal for daily cleaning and polishing products.
Black: grinding power, wear durability, mainly for the decontamination of ground, is used to start the first stage of grinding. Designed for heavy duty wet from the wax design. Effectively remove the wax surface, stains and glossy coating.
2013年9月13日星期五
diamond brazing techniques applied in
Diamond high hardness and excellent mechanical properties make diamond tools for processing a variety of hard materials become indispensable effective tool. Metal base of the diamond matrix carbide tipped saw blade adhesion (matrix package Xiang ability) that affect the life and performance of diamond tools is one of the main factors.
The diamond and general metals and alloys having a high interfacial energy between, resulting in the diamond particles can not be generally low-melting alloy infiltration, poor adhesion, in the conventional manufacturing techniques, the diamond particles alone after the carcass shrink the mechanical gripping force embedded in the metal matrix of the carcass, but not form a strong chemical bonding or metallurgical combine, resulting diamond particles in the work easily with metal base carcass separation, greatly reducing the diamond tool life and performance levels. Most of the diamond impregnated type tool utilization is low, a lot of expensive diamond in the work lost in the litter fall into. Lin Zengdong other first surface metallization using diamond diamond surface to impart a number of new features, such as excellent thermal conductivity, good thermal stability, improving its original physical and chemical properties of the metal or alloy to improve its wettability of the solution, etc.
Diamond surface metallization problem in the 1970s, it caused a domestic diamond tool manufacturing industry's attention. Many people committed during the sintering process to achieve the diamond surface of metal in the matrix material or on the diamond surface to add the wet saw blades pre-glue strong carbide metal powder (which is not heated before the diamond, not associated with a chemical coating reaction only belong diamond coating) to expect them to realize the sintering process chemical bonding of the diamond. Although the literature has demonstrated some metal such as tungsten (not oxidized) at a lower temperature (800 ℃ or so) WC can be formed on the surface layer of the diamond, but the diamond surface to achieve the pre-metallization process used to view, to be in a vacuum conditions, 600 ℃ heating above one hour to get the desired adhesion. Impregnated with the most commonly used cutting tool diamond sintering conditions of view, non-vacuum or low vacuum of not more than 900 ℃ heated for 5 minutes or so, it is unlikely that the diamond surface of a metallization layer. Because both the active metal atoms (Ti, V, Cr, etc.) to the surface of the diamond or the interfacial reaction enrichment achieved metallurgical bond with the diamond are atomic diffusion process, the stone drill bits temperature under the hot and such a short period of time, this process is very inadequate. In the solid-phase sintering conditions (sometimes a small amount of low-strength low-melting metal or alloy phase), chemical bonding of the diamond matrix or metallurgical bonding force is very weak or does not form.
The diamond and general metals and alloys having a high interfacial energy between, resulting in the diamond particles can not be generally low-melting alloy infiltration, poor adhesion, in the conventional manufacturing techniques, the diamond particles alone after the carcass shrink the mechanical gripping force embedded in the metal matrix of the carcass, but not form a strong chemical bonding or metallurgical combine, resulting diamond particles in the work easily with metal base carcass separation, greatly reducing the diamond tool life and performance levels. Most of the diamond impregnated type tool utilization is low, a lot of expensive diamond in the work lost in the litter fall into. Lin Zengdong other first surface metallization using diamond diamond surface to impart a number of new features, such as excellent thermal conductivity, good thermal stability, improving its original physical and chemical properties of the metal or alloy to improve its wettability of the solution, etc.
Diamond surface metallization problem in the 1970s, it caused a domestic diamond tool manufacturing industry's attention. Many people committed during the sintering process to achieve the diamond surface of metal in the matrix material or on the diamond surface to add the wet saw blades pre-glue strong carbide metal powder (which is not heated before the diamond, not associated with a chemical coating reaction only belong diamond coating) to expect them to realize the sintering process chemical bonding of the diamond. Although the literature has demonstrated some metal such as tungsten (not oxidized) at a lower temperature (800 ℃ or so) WC can be formed on the surface layer of the diamond, but the diamond surface to achieve the pre-metallization process used to view, to be in a vacuum conditions, 600 ℃ heating above one hour to get the desired adhesion. Impregnated with the most commonly used cutting tool diamond sintering conditions of view, non-vacuum or low vacuum of not more than 900 ℃ heated for 5 minutes or so, it is unlikely that the diamond surface of a metallization layer. Because both the active metal atoms (Ti, V, Cr, etc.) to the surface of the diamond or the interfacial reaction enrichment achieved metallurgical bond with the diamond are atomic diffusion process, the stone drill bits temperature under the hot and such a short period of time, this process is very inadequate. In the solid-phase sintering conditions (sometimes a small amount of low-strength low-melting metal or alloy phase), chemical bonding of the diamond matrix or metallurgical bonding force is very weak or does not form.
diamond dressing pen / diamond pen
Diamond pen is a new wheel dressing tool, using powder metallurgy hot pressing process, the matrix alloy wear resistance, high strength, diamond alloy matrix is firmly embedded, not falling, the diamond wire saw diamond particles are arranged according to certain requirements in the alloy matrix, easy to use and do not need tough grind and back ...
2 diamond grinding wheel / diamond wheel cutter
Company specializing in the production of ceramics, resin, metal is bonded diamond or CBN grinding wheel, mainly used for carbide tools, ceramic materials, magnetic materials, PCD, PCBN cutting tools, funnels and grinding of ferrous and nonferrous metals processing . And according to customer ...
3 natural diamond dresser
Natural diamond dresser multi natural diamond particles sintered regularly arranged in the alloy matrix, and fixed to the cutter body. For fine grinding wheel dressing is an economical, practical and carbide tipped saw blade novel wheel dressing tool. It has the shape of round, square, etc., do not use ...
4 Diamond grinding / grinding
Electroplated diamond and CBN electroplated diamond and CBN grinding grinding for carbide, high carbon steel, bearing steel miniature bearings, tools, and other precision parts machining holes of various shapes and a variety of special-shaped cavity molding grinding. And jade carving pondering other working ...
5 Diamond File
Diamond File mainly suitable for carbide, hardened steel trimming, cutting and filing and repair mode, also applies to the noble cutting and filing non-metallic materials, such as: silicon, crystal and dry cut blades other materials ......
6 diamond indenter
Diamond indenter are made of high-quality natural diamond processing, is a key fitting a variety of hardness. The company produces pressure head varieties, specifications, high precision, and long life, beautifully packaged.
2 diamond grinding wheel / diamond wheel cutter
Company specializing in the production of ceramics, resin, metal is bonded diamond or CBN grinding wheel, mainly used for carbide tools, ceramic materials, magnetic materials, PCD, PCBN cutting tools, funnels and grinding of ferrous and nonferrous metals processing . And according to customer ...
3 natural diamond dresser
Natural diamond dresser multi natural diamond particles sintered regularly arranged in the alloy matrix, and fixed to the cutter body. For fine grinding wheel dressing is an economical, practical and carbide tipped saw blade novel wheel dressing tool. It has the shape of round, square, etc., do not use ...
4 Diamond grinding / grinding
Electroplated diamond and CBN electroplated diamond and CBN grinding grinding for carbide, high carbon steel, bearing steel miniature bearings, tools, and other precision parts machining holes of various shapes and a variety of special-shaped cavity molding grinding. And jade carving pondering other working ...
5 Diamond File
Diamond File mainly suitable for carbide, hardened steel trimming, cutting and filing and repair mode, also applies to the noble cutting and filing non-metallic materials, such as: silicon, crystal and dry cut blades other materials ......
6 diamond indenter
Diamond indenter are made of high-quality natural diamond processing, is a key fitting a variety of hardness. The company produces pressure head varieties, specifications, high precision, and long life, beautifully packaged.
2013年9月12日星期四
Cylindrical grinding wheel diamond tips
Under normal circumstances , diamond wheel , there are four cylindrical grinding techniques , the following are brief .
1 diamond grinding wheel vertical way . The efficiency of this method is relatively slow , but its quality is very good , relatively speaking , and similar products is relatively concrete core bits low compared to the roughness . When the grinding , diamond grinding wheel rotation is very high , is seen in the rotation process . Workbench is a composite longitudinal operation , during each operation or process in the wheel will have a supply , the excess will be touched off something cut off .
(2) into the grinding skills. Also known as horizontal milling method . This and the first one is relatively speaking very efficient , it also has the same shortcomings, its grinding force is very large, and the temperature is relatively high , so there should be plenty of grinding cup wheel time grinding the cooling liquid . Diamond grinding wheel rotation is an active force , craft and wheel rotational movement causes a continuous movement of supplies. The table is not a wheel vertical movement operation , the width of the diamond grinding wheel width is relatively large, has been the size of the ground to use it so far.
3 composite grinding skills. This is a synthesis of the above two . Composite grinding and grinding methods are more efficient , the relative quality ; it is rather good, in the other advantages also have some advantages . Grinding , we use the workpiece in the form of coarse segmentation , with the rest of the disc treatment .
4 The last method is a deep grinding method . Its glass blades production efficiency is very high, but the wheel repair technique is more complex, the overall structure of the workpiece requirements are relatively high , there must be plenty of cut and cut lengths. During the grinding time . Wheel a whole will have a stepped shape. The speed of the workpiece and the means are very slow. Use the rest of the grinding Longitudinal grinding .
1 diamond grinding wheel vertical way . The efficiency of this method is relatively slow , but its quality is very good , relatively speaking , and similar products is relatively concrete core bits low compared to the roughness . When the grinding , diamond grinding wheel rotation is very high , is seen in the rotation process . Workbench is a composite longitudinal operation , during each operation or process in the wheel will have a supply , the excess will be touched off something cut off .
(2) into the grinding skills. Also known as horizontal milling method . This and the first one is relatively speaking very efficient , it also has the same shortcomings, its grinding force is very large, and the temperature is relatively high , so there should be plenty of grinding cup wheel time grinding the cooling liquid . Diamond grinding wheel rotation is an active force , craft and wheel rotational movement causes a continuous movement of supplies. The table is not a wheel vertical movement operation , the width of the diamond grinding wheel width is relatively large, has been the size of the ground to use it so far.
3 composite grinding skills. This is a synthesis of the above two . Composite grinding and grinding methods are more efficient , the relative quality ; it is rather good, in the other advantages also have some advantages . Grinding , we use the workpiece in the form of coarse segmentation , with the rest of the disc treatment .
4 The last method is a deep grinding method . Its glass blades production efficiency is very high, but the wheel repair technique is more complex, the overall structure of the workpiece requirements are relatively high , there must be plenty of cut and cut lengths. During the grinding time . Wheel a whole will have a stepped shape. The speed of the workpiece and the means are very slow. Use the rest of the grinding Longitudinal grinding .
The introduction of the surface roughness of diamond grinding wheel
What is a diamond grinding wheel surface roughness it, the following is a specific description:
The machined parts diamond grinding wheel surface , there will always be some macro and micro geometry errors , part on the surface of microscopic diamond wheel geometry error is determined by masonry saw blades the parts on the surface of a series of tiny diamond wheel spacing valley formed , these tiny undulating valley called the degree of surface roughness of diamond wheel parts .
Surface roughness is a measure of diamond wheel diamond grinding wheel surface machining precision parts is an important indicator of the surface roughness of diamond wheel parts will affect edge polishing pads the level of two parts in contact with the surface of the diamond wheel friction , motion surface wear , the bonding surface sealing , with a surface of the working precision , the fatigue strength of the rotary member , the appearance of parts , etc., even on the part of diamond grinding wheel has an impact on the corrosion resistance of the surface . Diamond grinding wheel abrasive concentration on superhard materials grinding effect to a certain extent , the concentration is too high or too low can cause premature loss of tct saw blades the abrasive , the diamond grinding wheel wear and tear costs, so the choice of abrasive concentration is also critical when step. Experimental results show that the coarse grinding , higher concentrations can be selected to increase the effective abrasive grains per unit area number , improve processing efficiency and diamond grinding wheel during low concentrations should be selected . Under normal circumstances, when the abrasive concentration can be selected coarse 100-150 % , when the concentration of abrasive grinding can use 75-100 percent.
The machined parts diamond grinding wheel surface , there will always be some macro and micro geometry errors , part on the surface of microscopic diamond wheel geometry error is determined by masonry saw blades the parts on the surface of a series of tiny diamond wheel spacing valley formed , these tiny undulating valley called the degree of surface roughness of diamond wheel parts .
Surface roughness is a measure of diamond wheel diamond grinding wheel surface machining precision parts is an important indicator of the surface roughness of diamond wheel parts will affect edge polishing pads the level of two parts in contact with the surface of the diamond wheel friction , motion surface wear , the bonding surface sealing , with a surface of the working precision , the fatigue strength of the rotary member , the appearance of parts , etc., even on the part of diamond grinding wheel has an impact on the corrosion resistance of the surface . Diamond grinding wheel abrasive concentration on superhard materials grinding effect to a certain extent , the concentration is too high or too low can cause premature loss of tct saw blades the abrasive , the diamond grinding wheel wear and tear costs, so the choice of abrasive concentration is also critical when step. Experimental results show that the coarse grinding , higher concentrations can be selected to increase the effective abrasive grains per unit area number , improve processing efficiency and diamond grinding wheel during low concentrations should be selected . Under normal circumstances, when the abrasive concentration can be selected coarse 100-150 % , when the concentration of abrasive grinding can use 75-100 percent.
2013年9月11日星期三
diamond floor polishing pad narrative
Permeability hardening agent is a source of technology to improve the performance of concrete. Its main component is an inorganic silicate, through his concrete inside the capillary penetration into the concrete, in particular under the action of a catalyst, the activity of calcium in the concrete and the metal ions react with other active tile cutting blades substances, a crosslinked structure of the condensate glue, the more dense concrete surface, hardness, wear resistance becomes better improve the mechanical strength of the concrete. Effectively inhibit water, oil, and other corrosive substances immersion channels and compacting the concrete, resulting in a clean, compact whole, greatly improving the strength of the surface hardness of the concrete,
Features:
Green, easy maintenance,
Waterproof, dustproof
Improve the performance of the concrete,
Extended service life of concrete.
Construction process:
Clean the floor: a washing machine or concrete cutting blade with water and a brush for cleaning construction, careful not to use acidic cleaners, use a neutral or alkaline cleaning agent;Polished Floors: No. 300-800 grinding using successively on the ground to coarse grinding, trimming rough ground where, using 1000-3000 No. grinding, fine grinding in turn, so that the ground is smooth and light luminosity.
Spray sealer: use MF-B108 with a low-pressure sprayer or hand sprayer for spraying, the nozzle as close to the ground to prevent the atomized product waste; 30 minutes to keep the ground moist, dry surface within 30 minutes if you need to supplementary materials, if after 30 minutes there is a concave plot material, pat dry with a rag.
Polishing: After spraying the carbide saw blades ground is dry with 2000 r / min or more high-speed polishing machine for polishing; generally available washing machine fitted with 3M polishing pad, first with black, the latter with red.
Features:
Green, easy maintenance,
Waterproof, dustproof
Improve the performance of the concrete,
Extended service life of concrete.
Construction process:
Clean the floor: a washing machine or concrete cutting blade with water and a brush for cleaning construction, careful not to use acidic cleaners, use a neutral or alkaline cleaning agent;Polished Floors: No. 300-800 grinding using successively on the ground to coarse grinding, trimming rough ground where, using 1000-3000 No. grinding, fine grinding in turn, so that the ground is smooth and light luminosity.
Spray sealer: use MF-B108 with a low-pressure sprayer or hand sprayer for spraying, the nozzle as close to the ground to prevent the atomized product waste; 30 minutes to keep the ground moist, dry surface within 30 minutes if you need to supplementary materials, if after 30 minutes there is a concave plot material, pat dry with a rag.
Polishing: After spraying the carbide saw blades ground is dry with 2000 r / min or more high-speed polishing machine for polishing; generally available washing machine fitted with 3M polishing pad, first with black, the latter with red.
blade grinding develop some of the trends
An alloy saw blade when grinding a number of factors can not be ignored, the matrix deformation, inconsistent thickness, bore tolerances big. Congenital defects of the base there is a problem, no matter the kind of graphics device, there is grinding errors. Matrix deformation on the two side angle bias; matrix inconsistent thickness right sand paper rear corner and edge front corner of bias, such as the existence of cumulative tolerance is too large, the quality and accuracy of the blade severely affected. 2, grinding teeth grinding effect on the structure. Alloy saw blade grinding machine structure and assembly is good or bad, about two types of models currently on the market: one is floating in Germany Seoul ink types. The type with vertical grinding off, all the advantages of hydraulic stepless movement, all of the feed system using V-shaped guide rail and ball screw work, grinding or big arm with slow feed forward, rewind retraction, Clips cylinder regulator center support piece flexible and reliable, accurate positioning pulling teeth, blade positioning center firmly self-centering, arbitrary angle adjustment, cooling flush reasonable, man-machine interface, high precision grinding off, pure grinder rational design; Type II, which is currently Horizontal such as Taiwan and Japan models, the presence of mechanical transmission gears and mechanical clearance dovetail slide accuracy, stable performance low clip, branched piece center adjustment difficult, pulling teeth institution or poor reliability, flat two sides, left and right rear corner is not a central mill cut, resulting in large deviation angle difficult to control, mechanical wear disaster ensure accuracy. 3, welding factor. Welding Alloys for moderate deviations and impact grinding precision, resulting in a large pressure while grinding, while pressure is small, the posterior horn of the same generation of the above factors, welding angle difference, human factors will inevitably have on the grinding wheel, etc. factors produce unavoidable impact. 4, wheel width affect the grinding stone quality and size. Optional wheel running gold films, note wheel size, granularity is too coarse grinding wheel produced traces wheel easy to plug the optional fine granularity grinding less easy to burn knife. Grinding wheel diameter and length width thickness is based alloy and alloy tooth width or different each face the situation, not a corner after corner or front wheel specifications are the same as any different from tooth grinding, must be targeted to choose a suitable Specifications Wheel. 5, grinding feed speed. Alloy saw blade grinding entirely good or bad decision grinding feed rate, generally alloy saw blade feed rate at from 0.5 to 6 mm / s can not exceed this value should be 20 per minute teeth, the ultra in every minute 20 tooth feed rate is too large, it will have serious knife tumors or burning alloy wheel impact generated convex and concave surface precision grinding wheel wasted. 6, grinding feed rate, the choice of wheel size on the amount of feed has an extremely important significance. General grinding wheel recommendation to use 180 # 240 # 240 # to use at most an opt 280 # 280 # to 320 #, or to adjust the feed rate. 7, grinding center. All grinding the blade and the substrate as the center, rather than with the blade as the center, get it out flat grinding center, rear angle, rake angle with a processing center can not be sharpened a saw blade, saw blade grinding three processes the center can not be ignored. Side angle grinding alloy thickness is still careful observation, the thickness change with different grinding center, regardless of how the alloy thickness, the grinding surface grinding wheel center line and the welding position to be maintained in a straight line, or have a poor impact angle cutting. 8, pulling teeth institutions can not be ignored. Regardless of how the structure of any grinding, pulling teeth designed to coordinate accuracy sharpening design quality, machine adjustment pulling teeth acupressure reasonable position in the tooth surface, and not with the move is extremely critical, back teeth when pulling teeth claw should flexible and reliable. 9, Clips institutions: institutions firmly clip stable and reliable quality is the main part of the Brothers, the Brothers when any clip institutions can not have the slightest loosening, or grinding teeth deviation seriously out of control. 10, grinding itinerary. Regardless of wet tile saw any part of the blade grinding, grinding grinding stroke is very important, generally require grinding wheel or exit out of the workpiece 1 mm 1 mm is appropriate, or tooth blade produces two faces. 11, the program options: Sharpening generally provided with a rough and fine grinding three different programs options, depending on the degree of demand for product selection, and finally recommended when grinding rake angle grinding process. 12, coolant grinding teeth grinding fluid that is good or bad decision. Partridge produce large amounts of tungsten grinding, diamond grinding wheel powder, not timely flushing and cleaning of grinding wheel tool surface pores, causing the surface of the grinding tool can not grind finish, there is not enough cooling will burn alloys.
2013年9月10日星期二
diamond wheel handling storage
Diamond grinding wheel in the handling storage we need to pay more attention to some of the details matter , in order to avoid accidents , the following details below:
1 diamond grinding wheel in the handling, storage medium , can not be subject to strong vibration and shock, do not allow scrolling when handling diamond wheel to avoid cracks, surface damage .
2 printed with diamond wheel speed diamond cbn wheel characteristics and safety signs shall not daub or damaged , avoid using the confusion.
3 diamond grinding wheel diamond grinding wheel storage time should not exceed the period of validity of resin and rubber bonded diamond grinding wheel from the date of delivery , if the storage period exceeds one year , subject to rotation after passing the test before use.
4 diamond grinding wheel storage site should be kept dry , suitable temperature, to avoid mix with other chemicals . Diamond grinding wheel to prevent moisture , cold , heat and corrosion by harmful chemicals that strength.
5 diamond grinding wheel should be based on size, shape and size of the different classification place , to prevent damage or laminated diamond wheel due to improper storage deformation .
Processing method of grinding wheel Today we learn more about diamond wheel grinding method :
Diamond grinding wheel grinding become diamond blade circular saw increasingly willing to use processing methods. To meet the standards of today's high-precision machining , grinding and sometimes even has become the only way of processing . With the falling prices of diamond grinding wheel , grinding has become a more commercial products.
Through the full use of newer abrasive particle size , grinding and grinding process has been further improved and improved. Now, the whole market was largely dominated by more sophisticated grinder .
However, to achieve high-precision cutting blades machine tool itself is not the only recipe for grinding , diamond grinding and particle size , diamond grinding wheel dressing systems, software systems, operator and other factors are all intelligent processing and production of high-precision products play a key role .
1 diamond grinding wheel in the handling, storage medium , can not be subject to strong vibration and shock, do not allow scrolling when handling diamond wheel to avoid cracks, surface damage .
2 printed with diamond wheel speed diamond cbn wheel characteristics and safety signs shall not daub or damaged , avoid using the confusion.
3 diamond grinding wheel diamond grinding wheel storage time should not exceed the period of validity of resin and rubber bonded diamond grinding wheel from the date of delivery , if the storage period exceeds one year , subject to rotation after passing the test before use.
4 diamond grinding wheel storage site should be kept dry , suitable temperature, to avoid mix with other chemicals . Diamond grinding wheel to prevent moisture , cold , heat and corrosion by harmful chemicals that strength.
5 diamond grinding wheel should be based on size, shape and size of the different classification place , to prevent damage or laminated diamond wheel due to improper storage deformation .
Processing method of grinding wheel Today we learn more about diamond wheel grinding method :
Diamond grinding wheel grinding become diamond blade circular saw increasingly willing to use processing methods. To meet the standards of today's high-precision machining , grinding and sometimes even has become the only way of processing . With the falling prices of diamond grinding wheel , grinding has become a more commercial products.
Through the full use of newer abrasive particle size , grinding and grinding process has been further improved and improved. Now, the whole market was largely dominated by more sophisticated grinder .
However, to achieve high-precision cutting blades machine tool itself is not the only recipe for grinding , diamond grinding and particle size , diamond grinding wheel dressing systems, software systems, operator and other factors are all intelligent processing and production of high-precision products play a key role .
Application of the tool
Gold in recent years has been widely promoted and applied , then the following diamond tools we introduced a comprehensive range of applications :
The processing of non-ferrous materials difficult to machine
Processing of copper , zinc, aluminum and other nonferrous metals and alloys , the material easy to adhere to core bits for concrete the tool , processing difficulties. Using diamond low coefficient of friction , and non-ferrous metal affinity characteristics of small , diamond tool and the tool can effectively prevent the occurrence of metal bonding . Further , the elastic modulus of the diamond cutting edge portion is deformed when small, the cutting non-ferrous metal extrusion deformation is small, the cutting process can complete the small deformation , which can improve the surface quality .
Difficult to process the processing of non-metallic materials
Processing particle contains a lot of high hardness non-metallic materials difficult to machine , such industrial saw blades as glass fiber reinforced plastic , filled silicone material , hard carbon fiber / epoxy composites , the material of the hard particles so that the tool wear serious , hard carbide cutting tools processing , and diamond tools , high hardness, wear resistance, and therefore processing efficiency.
Ultra-precision machining
With the advent of modern integrated technology , precision machining direction to the development of the tool performance made some very high demand. Because diamond friction coefficient, low ceramic tile saw coefficient of thermal expansion , high thermal conductivity, can cut very thin chips , chip easily outflow affinity with other substances is small, easy to BUE , heat a small , high thermal conductivity, heat can be avoided of a blade and the workpiece , so the passivation edge , cutting deformation , the surface of higher quality can be obtained .
The processing of non-ferrous materials difficult to machine
Processing of copper , zinc, aluminum and other nonferrous metals and alloys , the material easy to adhere to core bits for concrete the tool , processing difficulties. Using diamond low coefficient of friction , and non-ferrous metal affinity characteristics of small , diamond tool and the tool can effectively prevent the occurrence of metal bonding . Further , the elastic modulus of the diamond cutting edge portion is deformed when small, the cutting non-ferrous metal extrusion deformation is small, the cutting process can complete the small deformation , which can improve the surface quality .
Difficult to process the processing of non-metallic materials
Processing particle contains a lot of high hardness non-metallic materials difficult to machine , such industrial saw blades as glass fiber reinforced plastic , filled silicone material , hard carbon fiber / epoxy composites , the material of the hard particles so that the tool wear serious , hard carbide cutting tools processing , and diamond tools , high hardness, wear resistance, and therefore processing efficiency.
Ultra-precision machining
With the advent of modern integrated technology , precision machining direction to the development of the tool performance made some very high demand. Because diamond friction coefficient, low ceramic tile saw coefficient of thermal expansion , high thermal conductivity, can cut very thin chips , chip easily outflow affinity with other substances is small, easy to BUE , heat a small , high thermal conductivity, heat can be avoided of a blade and the workpiece , so the passivation edge , cutting deformation , the surface of higher quality can be obtained .
2013年9月9日星期一
Wonderful technology in blade manufacturing
the head and hot carcass materials selection process is one of the more critical hub. Co base, bronze base alloys were selected as the matrix material spread, but in the manufacturing cost and the hss drill bits use of performance can not do a very good co-existence. The level of analysis proposed by Guo Fe-Ni-Cu-W alloy as head carcass materials and applications via the attempt to obtain a more satisfactory manufacturing cost and function of the endowment.
Process for producing diamond saw blade can be described as necessary under pressure in metal powder sintering process, a powder metallurgy process: metal powder mixed dish symmetry at high temperature (800-1000 ℃) and the inevitable pressure (180 - 250Kgf/cm2), through the diffusion between the powder particles, welding, compounds, recrystallization and the like a series of physical and chemical impregnation, has a certain shape to form a sintered body and the machine functions, namely head.
Raw materials for the foundation of the diamond cutting tools carcass saw blade should also have more stringent requirements:
A sintered body should have a well-functioning and appropriately criticized attacks on the hardness, in order to ensure the formation of diamond parcels machines engaging and exciting rock moderate abrasion resistance means;
2, at a low sintering temperature (not in a hurry as usual over 950 ℃) under the insulation and shorter time (not in a hurry as usual over 5 minutes) to complete the above-mentioned functions meet the requirements of powder metallurgy process to slow the diamond crystal deterioration of the trend;
3, the carcass of the alloy component alloy infiltration can be brilliant diamond crystals and trace elements through the intervention of the alloy component and bred produce chemical bonding between the diamond dip further progress means to deceive the diamond.
Powder metallurgy method can be obtained as the matrix material unusual alloy similar structure to achieve alloying. In how many kinds of alloy construction phase, in which the electrochemical patience with the atomic radius similar group element, the alloy in favor of raw talent gifted solid solution phase. Because the natural course of solid solution phase lattice distortion, the lattice dislocations when moving large increase in the resistance, so that the material strength, hardness progress, that produce solid solution strengthening birth disseminated, therefore, a solid solution phase higher performance requirements for integrated machine most basic raw material composition phase. It can be said to form a solid solution alloy carbide grinding wheels matrix phase is to achieve high performance carcass one of the key raw materials.
Saw blade in accordance with the requirements of the matrix material of the foundation should be selected easily formed in the matrix alloy solid solution phase, solid solution strengthening generating birth disseminated matrix alloy system of the foundation as a factor, Fe-Ni-Cu-W alloy describing This requirement:
Fe-Ni, Cu-Ni can be completely miscible;
WC / W-Ni, WC-Cu, Fe-Cu limited solubility can be achieved and can be bred produce dispersion strengthened disseminated;
Fe, Ni Section Ⅷ Elements on the diamond with brilliant affinity.
After the finished product by a variety of different head mounted to a substrate, by sanding, painting the finished products, is widely used in all kinds of life and production operations.
Process for producing diamond saw blade can be described as necessary under pressure in metal powder sintering process, a powder metallurgy process: metal powder mixed dish symmetry at high temperature (800-1000 ℃) and the inevitable pressure (180 - 250Kgf/cm2), through the diffusion between the powder particles, welding, compounds, recrystallization and the like a series of physical and chemical impregnation, has a certain shape to form a sintered body and the machine functions, namely head.
Raw materials for the foundation of the diamond cutting tools carcass saw blade should also have more stringent requirements:
A sintered body should have a well-functioning and appropriately criticized attacks on the hardness, in order to ensure the formation of diamond parcels machines engaging and exciting rock moderate abrasion resistance means;
2, at a low sintering temperature (not in a hurry as usual over 950 ℃) under the insulation and shorter time (not in a hurry as usual over 5 minutes) to complete the above-mentioned functions meet the requirements of powder metallurgy process to slow the diamond crystal deterioration of the trend;
3, the carcass of the alloy component alloy infiltration can be brilliant diamond crystals and trace elements through the intervention of the alloy component and bred produce chemical bonding between the diamond dip further progress means to deceive the diamond.
Powder metallurgy method can be obtained as the matrix material unusual alloy similar structure to achieve alloying. In how many kinds of alloy construction phase, in which the electrochemical patience with the atomic radius similar group element, the alloy in favor of raw talent gifted solid solution phase. Because the natural course of solid solution phase lattice distortion, the lattice dislocations when moving large increase in the resistance, so that the material strength, hardness progress, that produce solid solution strengthening birth disseminated, therefore, a solid solution phase higher performance requirements for integrated machine most basic raw material composition phase. It can be said to form a solid solution alloy carbide grinding wheels matrix phase is to achieve high performance carcass one of the key raw materials.
Saw blade in accordance with the requirements of the matrix material of the foundation should be selected easily formed in the matrix alloy solid solution phase, solid solution strengthening generating birth disseminated matrix alloy system of the foundation as a factor, Fe-Ni-Cu-W alloy describing This requirement:
Fe-Ni, Cu-Ni can be completely miscible;
WC / W-Ni, WC-Cu, Fe-Cu limited solubility can be achieved and can be bred produce dispersion strengthened disseminated;
Fe, Ni Section Ⅷ Elements on the diamond with brilliant affinity.
After the finished product by a variety of different head mounted to a substrate, by sanding, painting the finished products, is widely used in all kinds of life and production operations.
diamond wheel recess repair method
Diamond grinding wheel after prolonged use , there will be recess , then how do we fix it ? Described briefly below :
1 Reduce the wheel speed , in principle at least half square easy renovation , if no conversion can be repeated cutting discs in order to reduce the speed switch machine refurbishment !
(2) to the grinding wheel truing tool , before moving overlapping width of grinding wheel surface is 1/ 3 to 1 /2.
3 successive feed to 140 # , for example, advanced 0.005 , crisp sound to sound blunt , flat surface jump surface , and then proceed to 0.01 and repeat sound, surface inspection , and then proceeds to 0.015,0.02,0.025,0.03 sequentially until crisp sound, surface flat , no flutter pattern , which means rounding , dressing complete. Maximum amount of feed hole saw blades renovations need be adjusted depending on wheel size , the more coarse granularity of the greater amount of feed renovation !
Note: You can pre- order singular pen painted oil diamond wheel circumference , when the ink traces completely disappeared , that means rounding the job done.
Grinding debris when soiled condition , which can be hand-held strip of sand dressing , cutting the wheel to restore function ! 3 uses centrifugal brake brakes after rounding is necessary then to the white sands of dressing . 4 Diamond and CBN grinding wheel once on the concrete diamond blades machine, unless the wear is completed , it is best not to remove it. If it must be removed , the need to remove the flanges together , otherwise, once re- use, that is the amount required to burn off more renovations !
1 Reduce the wheel speed , in principle at least half square easy renovation , if no conversion can be repeated cutting discs in order to reduce the speed switch machine refurbishment !
(2) to the grinding wheel truing tool , before moving overlapping width of grinding wheel surface is 1/ 3 to 1 /2.
3 successive feed to 140 # , for example, advanced 0.005 , crisp sound to sound blunt , flat surface jump surface , and then proceed to 0.01 and repeat sound, surface inspection , and then proceeds to 0.015,0.02,0.025,0.03 sequentially until crisp sound, surface flat , no flutter pattern , which means rounding , dressing complete. Maximum amount of feed hole saw blades renovations need be adjusted depending on wheel size , the more coarse granularity of the greater amount of feed renovation !
Note: You can pre- order singular pen painted oil diamond wheel circumference , when the ink traces completely disappeared , that means rounding the job done.
Grinding debris when soiled condition , which can be hand-held strip of sand dressing , cutting the wheel to restore function ! 3 uses centrifugal brake brakes after rounding is necessary then to the white sands of dressing . 4 Diamond and CBN grinding wheel once on the concrete diamond blades machine, unless the wear is completed , it is best not to remove it. If it must be removed , the need to remove the flanges together , otherwise, once re- use, that is the amount required to burn off more renovations !
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